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为对赤峰烟区植烟土壤实行养分管理,2008-2011年采集和测定了赤峰烟区6个种烟旗(县、区)有代表性的600个植烟土壤样品,并依据有机质含量以10～20 g/kg为宜,碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量分别以45～135,10～35,120～200 mg/kg为宜的标准进行评价。结果表明,植烟土壤有机质平均含量为(11.10±4.49)g/kg,土壤碱解氮平均含量为(50±22)mg/kg,土壤有效磷平均含量为(11.1±10.7)mg/kg,土壤速效钾平均含量为133±63 mg/kg,土壤养分含量水平中等偏下,需加强施肥管理。南部产烟区域植烟土壤主要养分含量高于北部。南、北部产烟区域土壤有机质含量差异不明显(P=0.667),土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量差异均达到极显著水平(P<0.01)。系统聚类分析结果表明,产烟县分为土壤养分适宜区(包括松山区、宁城县和喀喇沁旗)和土壤养分匮乏区(包括翁牛特旗和敖汉旗)两类。松山区和敖汉旗的土壤氮磷钾比例较为合理,产量较高,产值较好。相关分析和回归分析结果表明,土壤有效磷含量对产量影响较大,土壤有机质和有效磷含量对中上等烟比例影响较大。
In order to implement nutrient management of tobacco-growing soil in Chifeng tobacco-growing area, 600 tobacco-growing soil samples representative of 6 kinds of tobacco flags (counties and districts) in Chifeng tobacco-growing area were collected and measured from 2008 to 2011. According to the content of organic matter ~ 20 g / kg. The content of available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were evaluated as 45-135, 10-35 and 120-200 mg / kg, respectively. The results showed that the average content of soil organic matter was (11.10 ± 4.49) g / kg, the average content of soil available nitrogen was (50 ± 22) mg / kg and the average content of soil available phosphorus was (11.1 ± 10.7) mg / The average content of available K in soil was 133 ± 63 mg / kg, and the level of soil nutrient content was lower than middle level. Fertilization management should be strengthened. The main nutrient content of tobacco in the southern tobacco producing area is higher than that in the north. There was no significant difference in soil organic matter content between the southern and northern tobacco producing regions (P = 0.667). The contents of soil available nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium reached the extremely significant level (P <0.01). The result of cluster analysis shows that the producing tobacco counties are divided into two types: soil nutrient suitable area (including Songshan District, Ningcheng County and Kalaqin Banner) and soil nutrient deficient area (including Wengniute Banner and Aohan Banner). Songshan and Aohanqi soil nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium ratio is more reasonable, higher yield, good output value. Correlation analysis and regression analysis showed that soil available phosphorus had a significant impact on yield, and soil organic matter and available phosphorus had a greater impact on the proportion of middle and upper class tobaccos.