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自然主义在我国曾长期受贬抑,其观点无外乎有如下几种:自然主义是建立在资产阶级反动理论实证主义哲学之上的,因而有其反动性;自然主义从生理学去剖析人,而不是从社会学观点去理解人,因而是非科学的;自然主义的创作方法是照相式的,只能反映表面肤浅的现实;自然主义热衷于不健康的淫秽描写,有其颓废性。结论是:自然主义偏离19世纪现实主义传统,它的出现标志着现实主义文学思潮在欧洲的衰落。20世纪80年代开始,出现了一些“翻案”文章,认为自然主义是对现实主义的继承与发展,特别是左拉把巴尔扎克开创的现
Naturalism has been deprecated in our country for a long time. Its viewpoints are as follows: naturalism is based on the positivist philosophy of the bourgeois reactionary theory and therefore has its own reaction; naturalism analyzes people from the perspective of physiology, It is unscientific not to understand people from sociological point of view. Naturalistic methods of creation are photographic and can only reflect superficial realities. Naturalism is keen on unhealthy obscene descriptions and decadent. The conclusion is: Naturalism deviates from the realist tradition of the 19th century, and its appearance marks the decline of the realist literary trend in Europe. Since the 1980s, there have been some articles on “turning a verdict”, claiming that naturalism is the succession and development of realism. In particular, Zola left the founding of Balzac