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以西瓜为试材,利用控制性的大田试验栽培技术,研究了不同浓度生物质炭(对照CK,0t/hm2、低生物质炭LB,5t/hm2、中生物质炭MB,10t/hm2、高生物质炭HB,20t/hm2)对西瓜植株生长性质和品质的影响。结果表明:不同浓度生物质炭对西瓜植株的生长均具有明显的促进作用,西瓜植株各生长指标均高于对照,其中以根长的变化幅度最大;生物质炭降低了西瓜幼苗非保护酶活性,提高了保护性酶活性,不同浓度生物质炭处理下西瓜幼苗过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性整体呈先增加后下降趋势,苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性呈逐渐降低趋势,高浓度生物质炭引起了西瓜根系细胞的失水,抑制酶活性的发挥,产生轻微的抑制作用;施入生物质炭会增加西瓜植株根区土壤pH值和降低根区土壤电导率;生物质炭在一定程度上对西瓜根区土壤养分的累积作用和改良土壤肥力作用,但对磷素并没有显著的影响,土壤钾素的增加幅度高于土壤其它养分指标;施用生物质炭后,西瓜植物体内全碳和全氮含量均随生物质炭浓度的增加呈先增加后降低趋势,全磷含量呈降低趋势,全钾含量呈增加趋势,并且显著高于对照(P<0.05);以中水平生物质炭(MB)处理下西瓜植株品质最高,而高水平生物质炭(HB)可能会降低西瓜植株的品质。总之,生物质炭在一定程度上可以提高西瓜植株生长特性和根区土壤理化养分含量,但这还与土壤类型、西瓜种类、土壤肥力和生态环境等密切相关。
Watermelon was used as experimental material to study the effects of different concentrations of biomass carbon (control CK, 0t / hm2, low biomass charcoal LB, 5t / hm2, middle biomass carbon MB, 10t / hm2, Effect of high biomass carbon HB (20t / hm2) on the growth and quality of watermelon plants. The results showed that: different concentrations of biomass charcoal on watermelon plants have a significant role in promoting the growth of watermelon plant growth indicators were higher than the control, of which the root length of the largest changes; carbon-carbon watermelon seedlings reduce the non-protective enzyme activity (POD), catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in watermelon seedlings increased firstly and then decreased with different concentrations of biomass charcoal, Phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity decreased gradually. High concentration of biomass charcoal caused water loss of root cells of watermelon and inhibited the activity of enzymes. The application of biomass charcoal will increase the soil pH value of root zone of watermelon plant and reduce the conductivity of root zone soil. Biomass charcoal may play a role in soil nutrient accumulation and soil fertility in the root zone of watermelon to some extent. However, Significantly, soil K increased more than other nutrients in soil. After application of biomass carbon, the contents of total carbon and total nitrogen in watermelon plants increased firstly and then decreased with the increase of biomass carbon concentration , The content of total phosphorus decreased and the content of total potassium increased, which was significantly higher than that of the control (P <0.05). The quality of watermelon was the highest under medium level of biomass carbon (MB) ) May reduce the quality of watermelon plants. In a word, biomass carbon can improve the growth characteristics of watermelon plants and the soil nutrient content in root zone to some extent, but it is also closely related to soil types, watermelon types, soil fertility and ecological environment.