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目的研究青少年健康危险感知水平、锻炼决策平衡与闲暇锻炼间的关系,为制定中学生健康行为干预方法提供依据。方法按分层整群抽样法,抽取长沙市普通中学与重点中学各1所初一至高三年级706名中学生,采用锻炼利弊决策平衡量表、健康危险感知自评量表及跨理论模型锻炼阶段量表对其进行问卷调查。结果男生健康危险感知水平、锻炼获益分数高于女生(t=2.34,P<0.05),锻炼损弊分数低于女生(t=4.21,P<0.05);中学生所处锻炼阶段与锻炼态度呈正相关(r=0.38,P<0.01),与危险感知、锻炼损弊呈负相关(r=-0.25,-0.20,P值均<0.01)。危险感知、锻炼态度、锻炼损弊3个变量进入锻炼所处阶段的回归方程,能解释总变量的18.20%。结论中学生健康危险感知水平较低,锻炼态度对闲暇锻炼状况有强预测作用。中学生在遇到锻炼困难与冲突时倾向于中断锻炼。
Objective To study the relationship between adolescent health risk perception level, exercise decision-making balance and leisure time exercise, and to provide the basis for formulating the health behavior intervention for middle school students. Methods According to stratified cluster sampling method, 706 middle school students from 1 junior high school and 1 junior high school in Changsha middle school and middle school of middle school were recruited. The middle school students of grade one, grade two, Table to conduct a survey. Results The perceived health risk of boys was higher than that of girls (t = 2.34, P <0.05), and the scores of harm and harm in exercise were lower than those of girls (t = 4.21, P <0.05) (R = 0.38, P <0.01), but negatively correlated with risk perception and exercise impairment (r = -0.25, -0.20, P <0.01). Risk perception, exercise attitude, exercise damage the three variables into the exercise stage regression equation, can explain 18.20% of the total variables. Conclusions Middle school students have a lower level of perceived health risk, and exercise attitude has a strong predictive effect on their leisure activities. Middle school students tend to interrupt their workouts when they encounter difficulty and conflict with exercise.