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通过在不同肥力水平土壤上设置不同幅度的氮肥减量试验,研究其对水稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响,为巢湖流域坡岗地区氮肥的减量施用提供依据。结果表明:在巢湖流域坡岗地区中高肥力水平土壤上减少30%的常规施氮量、中低肥力水平土壤减少10%的常规施氮量,虽然单位面积有效穗数下降,但水稻结实率、每穗粒数和千粒重明显增加,不会造成水稻显著减产。两种肥力水平土壤上,氮素收获指数均以常规施氮量处理最低,减量施肥、分期施氮可以促进氮素从茎、叶、根部向谷粒的转移;减量施肥,中高肥力土壤上氮素回收率提高9.99～16.52个百分点,中低肥力水平土壤上提高6.0～12.15个百分点。
The effects of different nitrogen fertilization rates on paddy yield and nitrogen use efficiency were studied on different fertility level so as to provide evidence for the reduction of nitrogen fertilization in the slope farmland of Chaohu Lake. The results showed that the conventional nitrogen application rate of 30% reduction in medium to high fertility level soil in the slope hillside area of Chaohu Lake basin and 10% reduction of soil fertility level in middle and low fertility level. Although the effective panicle number per unit area decreased, the seed setting rate, The number of grains per panicle and the 1000-grain weight increase obviously, which will not cause the significant yield reduction of rice. In both soil fertility levels, the nitrogen harvest index was the lowest in the conventional nitrogen application rate, fertilization reduced, nitrogen application in stages could promote the transfer of nitrogen from the stem, leaf and root to the grain; reduce fertilization in medium and high fertility soil Nitrogen recovery increased by 9.99 to 16.52 percentage points, 6.0 to 12.15 percentage points higher than medium and low fertility levels.