小儿心血管手术的围术期管理中,中心静脉压(CVP)监测有助于准确评估血容量状况,对指导用药和输液也必不可少。CVP测定的可靠性有赖于导管顶端位于上腔静脉的位置。虽然可经不同入路置放CVP导管,但小儿包括婴幼儿,以经颈内静脉入路可达理想上腔静脉位置,否则监测CVP值就不准确,颈内静脉和锁骨下静脉的汇合处由于附近有瓣膜可能使读数不准确;如果纳入过深,尖端进入右房则可能导致并发 During the perioperative management of pediatric cardiovascular surgery, central venous pressure (CVP) monitoring helps to accurately assess the blood volume status and is essential for guiding medication and infusion. The reliability of the CVP measurement depends on where the catheter tip is located in the superior vena cava. Although CVP catheters can be placed through different approaches, infants, including infants and young children, can reach the location of the ideal superior vena cava via the internal jugular vein, otherwise CVV monitoring is not accurate and the confluence of the internal and external subclavian vein Valuations may be inaccurate due to the presence of a valve nearby; entering the right atrium may result in complications if incorporated too deeply