本文回顾了应用在未来空间运载系统上的结构和材料的前十年进展情况,着重阐述了可保证未来空间应用要求所需的效率、可靠性和寿命的金属防热系统和结构。文中把必须完全重复使用机载低温燃料贮箱作为最有前途的技术方案,并论证了贮箱的可能防热結构方案。同时还讨论了需要提高技术的其它关键领域。最后,探讨了航天飞机轨道飞行器试验规划为试验结构和防热系统所提供的极难得的研究机会。 This paper reviews the first decade of application of structures and materials to future spaceborne systems and highlights metal heat-protection systems and structures that will ensure the efficiency, reliability and longevity required for future space applications. The article has to be completely re-used on-board low-temperature fuel tank as the most promising technical solutions, and demonstrated the tank may be the heat structure of the program. Other key areas where technology is needed are also discussed. Finally, the extremely rare research opportunities offered by the space shuttle pilot program for experimental structures and heat-protection systems are explored.