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在水轮机调节系统中,水流惯性时间常数T_w与发电机时间常数T_a的相对关系,是影响系统动态特性的重要因素。以往对水轮机调节系统的分析、综合和设计,一般都是在T_wT_a。此类系统动态特性很差,实践证明,一般PI型调速器不能满足系统要求。本文剖析了此类系统的特点,通过理论分析和计算机仿真,论证在不少情况下如增加加速度反馈(PID调速器)只会使系统特性更为恶化。提出并经实践证实应采用滞后校正环节,即I—PI型调速器。本文为改造现有PI调速器以适应此类系统需要提出了技术途径,也为今后设计此类系统的新型调速器提供了理论依据。
In the hydraulic turbine governing system, the relative relationship between the inertia time constant T_w and the generator time constant T_a is an important factor affecting the dynamic characteristics of the system. In the past, the analysis, synthesis and design of turbine governing system were generally carried out with T_w T_a. The dynamic characteristics of such systems are poor, the practice has proved that the general PI-type governor can not meet the system requirements. This paper analyzes the characteristics of such systems. Through theoretical analysis and computer simulation, it is demonstrated that in many cases, such as adding acceleration feedback (PID governor) will only worsen the system characteristics. Proposed and confirmed by practice should be used lag correction link, that is, I-PI-type governor. In this paper, we put forward the technical approaches for adapting the existing PI governor to meet the needs of such systems and also provide a theoretical basis for designing a new governor for such systems in the future.