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目的综合分析社区高危妊娠孕产妇的风险因素以及相关预防措施,为管理高危妊娠孕产妇提供科学的数据参考。方法选取广州市南源街社区在2011年6月~2015年5月评估管理的111例高危妊娠孕产妇作为观察组;再选取同期评估的111例正常妊娠孕产妇作为对照组。分析高危妊娠孕产妇的基本资料以及风险因素。结果观察组的死胎发生率、剖宫产发生率、早产发生率、新生儿低体重和巨大儿发生率及新生儿合并症发生率分别为2.7%、34.2%、13.51%、10.81%、4.5%,对照组分别为0.9%、30.6%、0.0%、1.8%、0.9%,观察组的死胎发生率、剖宫产发生率、早产发生率、新生儿低体重和巨大儿发生率及新生儿合并症发生率显著高于对照组(P<0.05);高危妊娠因素构成第1位是高龄,占30.11%;第2位是妊娠期糖尿病,占27.93%;第3位是胎膜早破,占10.81%;羊水过多/过少,占11.71%;胎儿畸形,占0.90%;不同文化程度孕产妇高危妊娠发生率比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同职业孕产妇的高危妊娠发生率比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论通过对高危妊娠孕产妇的风险因素分析与预防能够显著降低高危妊娠发生率,提高产妇与胎儿的生命健康安全。
Objective To comprehensively analyze the risk factors of pregnant women at high risk of pregnancy in community and related preventive measures to provide scientific data for the management of pregnant women at high risk. Methods A total of 111 high risk pregnant women who were assessed and managed in Nanyuan Street community in Guangzhou from June 2011 to May 2015 were selected as the observation group. Another 111 pregnant women were selected as the control group. Analysis of high-risk pregnant women, the basic information and risk factors. Results The incidences of stillbirth, cesarean section, premature birth, neonatal hypogonadal and macrosomia, and neonatal complications in the observation group were 2.7%, 34.2%, 13.51%, 10.81% and 4.5%, respectively , 0.9%, 30.6%, 0.0%, 1.8% and 0.9% in the control group. The incidences of stillbirth, caesarean section, preterm birth, neonatal hypogonadal and macrosomia, and neonatal morbidity in the observation group The incidence of disease was significantly higher than that of the control group (P <0.05). The first one of high risk pregnancy was elderly, accounting for 30.11%; the second was gestational diabetes accounting for 27.93%; the third was premature rupture of membranes, accounting for 10.81%; too much / too little amniotic fluid, accounting for 11.71%; fetal malformation, accounting for 0.90%; pregnant women with different educational level of high risk pregnancy rates were significantly different (P <0.05); different occupational maternal high risk pregnancy occurred The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusions The analysis and prevention of risk factors of pregnant women in high-risk pregnancy can significantly reduce the incidence of high-risk pregnancy and improve the health and safety of pregnant women and fetus.