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目的研究长期移居高原对健康青年男性左心室功能和质量的影响。方法对平原青年男性官兵51例,长期移居3 700 m高原的青年男性官兵53例(A组),长期移居3 700 m高原再进4 400m高原50 d的青年男性官兵42例(B组)分别进行血压、心率、指脉氧饱和度及彩色多普勒心脏超声的检测。结果移居高原两组左室收缩末内径、左心室质量指数显著低于平原对照组(P<0.05),移居高原A组左室收缩末容积显著低于平原对照组(P<0.01),移居高原B组室间隔厚度、左心室质量显著低于平原对照组(P<0.0 5);移居高原两组左室射血分数、短轴缩短率、每搏输出量、心输出量均显著高于平原对照组(P<0.05),移居高原B组心脏指数显著高于平原对照组(P<0.01);移居高原两组心率显著高于平原对照组(P<0.01),血氧饱和度则显著低于平原对照组(P<0.01),移居高原B组血氧饱和度显著低于移居高原A组(P<0.01)。结论久居高原后左心室收缩功能显著高于平原对照组,舒张功能显著低于平原对照组,而久居高原后短期无更高海拔暴露的健康青年男性左室质量与平原对照组无显著差异。
Objective To study the effects of long-term plateau migration on left ventricular function and quality of healthy young men. Methods Totally 51 male officers and soldiers of the plain young men, 53 male officers and soldiers (group A) long-term migrating to 3 700 m plateau, 42 male officers and soldiers (group B) who long-term migrated to the plateau of 3 700 m and then to the 4 400 m plateau for 50 d Blood pressure, heart rate, finger oxygen saturation and color Doppler echocardiography were measured. Results The left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and the left ventricular mass index were significantly lower in the two groups (P <0.05). The left ventricular end-systolic volume in group A was significantly lower than that in control group (P <0.01) In group B, the thickness of interventricular septum and left ventricular mass were significantly lower than those in plain control group (P <0.05); left ventricular ejection fraction, short axis shortening rate, stroke volume and cardiac output were significantly higher in plain group than those in plain group (P <0.05). The cardiac index of migrant plateau group B was significantly higher than that of the plain control group (P <0.01). The heart rate of the migrant plateau group was significantly higher than that of the plain control group (P <0.01), and the oxygen saturation was significantly lower In the plain control group (P <0.01), the oxygen saturation of group B in migration plateau was significantly lower than that in group A (P <0.01). Conclusion Left ventricular systolic function was significantly higher in the long-standing plateau than in the plain control group, and diastolic function was significantly lower than that in the plain control group. However, there was no significant difference in left ventricular mass between the healthy young men with short-term exposure to higher altitude exposure and the plain control group.