本文针对发射场可能出现的安全问题 ,提出了运载火箭爆炸后有毒推进剂蒸发、扩散模型和毒气危害安全距离估算方法。利用有关算例 ,估算了毒气危害安全距离 ,与实验结果进行对比 ,文中计算结果与实验结果基本一致。作者根据实际经验 ,提出了在实验中测量毒气浓度时应注意的几个问题。 In this paper, aiming at the possible safety problems of the launching site, a method for estimating the evaporating and diffusion of toxic propellant after the launch of a carrier rocket and the diffusion model of the toxic gas and the safety distance of poisonous gas are proposed. By using the relevant examples, the safety distance of gas poisoning is estimated and compared with the experimental results. The calculation results are basically the same as the experimental ones. According to the actual experience, the author puts forward several problems that should be paid attention to when measuring the concentration of poison gas in the experiment.