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目的:评价2011年习水县燃煤型地方性氟中毒和碘缺乏病健康教育效果。方法:选定3个乡镇发放宣传资料,对家庭主妇进行座谈培训。在健康教育干预前后,每乡分别抽取中心小学5年级30名学生和学校所在村15名家庭主妇进行健康教育问卷调查。结果:健康教育干预前,共对90名学生和45名家庭主妇进行燃煤型地方性氟中毒知晓情况调查,平均知晓率分别为72.22%(195/270)、74.81%(101/135);共对90名学生和45名家庭主妇进行碘缺乏病知晓情况调查,平均知晓率分别为60.37%(163/270)、67.41%(91/135)。健康教育干预后,共对90名学生和45名家庭主妇进行燃煤型地方性氟中毒知晓情况调查,平均知晓率分别为94.44%(255/270)、88.15%(119/135),与基线比较,前者差异有统计学意义(x2=4.38,P<0.05),后者差异无统计学意义(x2=0.81,P>0.05)。结论:习水县燃煤型氟中毒综合防治效果显著,部分病区已达到控制标准。
Objective: To evaluate the effect of health education on endemic fluorosis and iodine deficiency disorders in Xishui County in 2011. Methods: Three villages and towns were selected to distribute propaganda materials, and the housewives were trained in forums. Before and after the intervention of health education, each township separately selected 30 students in Grade 5 of Central Primary School and 15 housewives in the village where the school was located to conduct a questionnaire on health education. Results: Before the intervention of health education, a total of 90 students and 45 housewives were surveyed about the awareness of endemic fluorosis. The average awareness rate was 72.22% (195/270) and 74.81% (101/135), respectively. A total of 90 students and 45 housewives were surveyed about the knowledge of iodine deficiency disorders. The average awareness rate was 60.37% (163/270) and 67.41% (91/135) respectively. After health education intervention, a total of 90 students and 45 housewives were surveyed about the awareness of endemic fluorosis in coal-fired buildings. The average awareness rate was 94.44% (255/270) and 88.15% (119/135), respectively, The difference was statistically significant (x2 = 4.38, P <0.05), but the difference was not statistically significant (x2 = 0.81, P> 0.05). Conclusion: Xishui County coal-fired fluorosis comprehensive control effect is significant, some wards have reached the control standards.