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轮齿的寿命随表面硬度的增加而提高。然而,由于受机加工工艺性能的限制,钢齿轮的硬度一般应控制在大约350 HB(相当于38 Rc)以内。因此,当需要最大限度地提高轮齿表面寿命时,用较软的钢材制造的齿轮必须随后进行热处理使其硬化。在现有的各种热处理工艺中,人们普遍认为渗碳后淬火是最好的表面硬化方法。这种热处理不仅能得到硬度高、耐磨的齿面,而且还能保持可承受冲击负荷的软而可延展的心部。
Gear tooth life increases with increasing surface hardness. However, the hardness of the steel gears should generally be controlled to about 350 HB (equivalent to 38 Rc) due to the limitations of the machining process. Therefore, gears that are made of softer steel must be subsequently heat-treated to harden them when it is desirable to maximize the surface life of the gear teeth. In the existing variety of heat treatment process, it is generally believed that quenching after carburizing is the best method of surface hardening. This heat treatment not only yields a hard, wear-resistant tooth profile, but also maintains a soft, extensible core that can withstand impact loads.