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糖尿病酮症酸中毒(diabetic ketoacidosis,DKA)迄今仍是儿童糖尿病急重症死亡的重要病因,尤其多见于年幼患儿,约有20%~30%的小儿糖尿病患者起病时为糖尿病酮症酸中毒,约50%~70%的小儿糖尿病患者发生过一次或多次酮症酸中毒[1]。小儿糖尿病常见于1型糖尿病(即胰岛素依赖型糖尿病),特点为起病急,进展快,常因缺乏典型临床表现而误诊,进一步可造成昏迷,休克甚至死亡。针对2013年11至2016年12月我科收治20例DKA患儿应用小剂量胰岛素持续静脉治疗,合理纠正电解质紊乱,有选择性使用碱性药物,取得满意的疗效。
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is by far the most important cause of death of children with diabetes mellitus, especially in young children. About 20% -30% of children with diabetes have onset of diabetic ketoacidosis Poisoning, about 50% to 70% of children with diabetic patients had one or more ketoacidosis [1]. Common in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (ie, insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), characterized by acute onset, rapid progress, often misdiagnosed due to the lack of typical clinical manifestations, and further can cause coma, shock and even death. For 2013 November to December 2016 our department admitted 20 cases of DKA patients with low-dose insulin continuous intravenous therapy, reasonable correction of electrolyte disorders, the selective use of basic drugs, and achieved satisfactory results.