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巴布亚褶皱带是巴布亚盆地的主要油气聚集带,已累计发现40亿桶油当量,但其勘探程度依旧很低.该构造带地表大部分区域为灰岩所覆盖,地形起伏剧烈,地下构造复杂,逆掩推覆构造广泛发育,地震资料采集处理效果很差.为此,在构建逼近巴布亚褶皱带实际复杂地表复杂构造模型的基础上,进行基于波动方程的波场地震正演模拟和地震照明模拟,分析褶皱带复杂地震资料采集和处理的影响因素.结果表明,波场正演模拟方法能够很好地适应复杂地表和复杂构造模型,模拟结果与实际地震资料具有很好的一致性,地面不同位置激发得到的单炮记录和地震照明分布具有很大的差异,探讨了影响复杂构造成像的主要因素.针对工区实际地下目标,提出了地震采集观测系统优化设计和后续处理建议,为复杂地表复杂构造区地震资料采集处理提供了借鉴和参考依据.
The Babuya fold belt is the main oil and gas accumulation belt in the Papua Basin, accumulatively 4 billion barrels of oil equivalent has been found, but its exploration level is still very low. Most of the area covered by limestone is covered with intense terrain and complicated underground structures, Therefore, based on the construction of complex structural models approaching the actual complicated surface of the Papua Fushan belt, wavefield-based forward modeling and seismic lighting simulation of wavefields are carried out. , The influencing factors of the acquisition and processing of complex seismic data of the fold belt are analyzed.The results show that the forward modeling of the wave field can well adapt to the complex surface and complex structural models and the simulation results are in good agreement with the actual seismic data, The single gun shots obtained from the position excitation and the distribution of seismic illumination have great differences, and the main factors that affect the complex structure imaging are discussed.Aiming at the actual underground targets in the work area, the optimization design and subsequent processing suggestions of the seismic acquisition observation system are proposed, Seismic data acquisition and processing in the tectonic area provide reference and reference.