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本文对初中历史教师教学用书中的“‘落后就要挨打’是鸦片战争失败的根本原因和深刻的历史教训”提出质疑。认为“落后就要挨打”不能作为失败的原因(落后可以作为原因),而应是鸦片战争失败的教训;“落后就要挨打”这个命题不能成立,包括当时的中国是否落后?落后是否就要挨打?落后挨打是否必然失败?若基本不改变原意,该句应该表述为:落后是中国在鸦片战争中失败的根本原因,“落后就要挨打”是鸦片战争总结的深刻的历史教训。建议将该句修改为:清朝中晚期政治上的腐朽没落、吏治腐败是导致我国在鸦片战争中失败的根本原因,教训极其深刻。
In this paper, the junior middle school history teachers ’teaching book “Behind is about to be beaten’ is the root cause and profound historical lesson of the Opium War”. They think that “backwardness is about to be beaten” can not be used as the reason for failure (backwardness can be the reason), but it should be the lesson of the Opium War failure. The proposition of “backwardness will be beaten” can not be established, including whether China lagged behind at that time. Is it necessary to beaten behind the tragedy? Is it necessarily a failure to beaten behind? If basically the intention is not changed, the sentence should be stated as follows: backwardness is the root cause of China’s failure in the Opium War, and “backwardness is to be beaten” is the conclusion of the Opium War Historical lesson. It is suggested that the sentence should be amended to read: The political decay and decline of the middle and late Qing dynasty and official corruption are the root causes of the failure of our country during the Opium War. The lesson is extremely profound.