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心肌梗死是发达国家冠心病导致心衰和死亡的原因之一。虽然近年来因治疗方法的改进 (包括介入 ,药物 )心梗存活率明显提高 ,但由于心肌细胞丧失疤痕形成而导致心功能减退仍是一个主要问题 ,因为心脏本身缺少干细胞没有再生能力[1] 。目前 ,缺血性心脏疾病治疗包括 :内科药物治疗 ,介入治疗和手术治疗 ,它们虽然够改善心肌缺血和心衰症状 ,使闭塞血管再通 ,挽救缺血心肌 ,但对已坏死心肌或无功能心肌无作用。而心脏移植虽能取代受损心肌 ,但供体缺乏 ,费用高 ,排斥反应严重使之在临床难以推广 ,这使得致力于寻找恰当的心肌源性干祖细胞的研究大大增加[1] 。目前干细胞体外诱导分化为具有收缩功能的心肌细胞已获成功 ,动物体内诱导干细胞分化心肌组织也取得重大突破[2 ] ,使得应用干细胞植入心脏 ,诱导分化为有功能的心肌细织并取代坏死及无功能的心肌成为治疗缺血性心脏病的新希望
Myocardial infarction is one of the causes of heart failure and death in developed countries. Although myocardial infarction survival has been markedly improved in recent years due to improvements in treatment (including interventions and medications), cardiac dysfunction due to loss of cardiomyocytes remains a major problem because the heart itself lacks stem cells with no regenerative capacity [1] . At present, the treatment of ischemic heart disease include: medical drug treatment, interventional therapy and surgical treatment, although they are good enough to improve myocardial ischemia and heart failure symptoms, recanalization of the occluded vessels to save the ischemic myocardium, but to the necrotic myocardium or no Functional myocardial no effect. Although heart transplantation can replace impaired myocardium, the lack of donor, high cost and serious rejection make it difficult to popularize in clinic, which greatly increases the research on finding proper cardiomyogenic stem / progenitor cells [1]. At present, stem cells have been successfully induced to differentiate into contractile cardiomyocytes in vitro, and the differentiation of myocardial cells into stem cells has also been made a great breakthrough [2]. The stem cells are implanted into the heart to differentiate into functional myocardial tissue and replace necrosis And non-functional myocardium become a new hope for the treatment of ischemic heart disease