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目的:了解宁海县沿海地区土源性线虫感染情况和阳性病人相关行为因素,为沿海地区土源性线虫防制工作提供依据。方法:采用整群抽样方法于宁海县东北南部沿海地区3个镇乡各抽取1个500人以上村进行土源性线虫检测,对本次调查人群中结果阳性44人和阴性88人按相同年龄组和性别进行成组匹配,进行病例对照研究,分析饭前便后洗手情况,喝生水情况,新鲜粪便使用情况和光脚下地劳动情况是否为此地区感染的危险行为因素。结果:累计调查3个村1 744人,未筛查出蛲虫、蛔虫、鞭虫,筛查出钩虫感染44人,总体感染率2.52%,3个村感染率差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.321,P>0.05),男性感染率高于女性差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.715,P<0.05),40岁以上3组人群感染率差异有统计学意义(χ2=28.444,P<0.05),年龄组中60岁以上老年人感染率最高为7.01%。病例对照研究显示饭前便后洗手、喝生水及使用新鲜粪便浇灌果蔬与感染无关,光脚下地劳动者可能是感染土源性线虫的危险因素(χ2=63.51,P<0.05,OR=45.0)。结论:宁海县沿海地区土源性线虫感染率低,但仍需持续进行健康教育,特别是针对男性老年人,改变不良生活行为习惯。
Objective: To understand the infection of soil-borne nematodes in coastal area of Ninghai County and the relevant behavioral factors of patients with positive, so as to provide basis for the prevention and control of soil-borne nematodes in coastal areas. Methods: A cluster sampling method was used to detect soil-borne nematodes in three villages and townships in the coastal areas in the south coastal area of northeastern Ninghai County of China. One hundred and five villages were surveyed for soil-borne nematodes. The results of this survey were 44 positive and 88 negative. Group and gender group match, a case-control study to analyze the situation before and after washing hands, drinking raw water situation, the use of fresh faeces and barefoot labor is the risk of infection in this area behavior factors. Results: A total of 1 744 people were surveyed in 3 villages. No pinworm, roundworm and whipworm were screened out, 44 were found hookworm infection, the overall infection rate was 2.52%. There was no significant difference in infection rates among the three villages (χ2 = 0.321, P> 0.05). The infection rate of males was higher than that of females (χ2 = 8.715, P <0.05), and the infection rates of females aged 40 years and above were significantly different (χ2 = 28.444, In the age group, the infection rate of the elderly over the age of 60 was 7.01%. Case-control studies showed that washing hands, drinking raw water and using fresh manure to irrigate fruits and vegetables after a meal was not associated with infection, and workers at the bare foot might be risk factors for infecting soil-borne nematodes (χ2 = 63.51, P <0.05, OR = 45.0 ). CONCLUSIONS: The infection rate of soil-borne nematodes in coastal areas of Ninghai County is low, but health education is still required, especially for male elderly people, to change the bad habits and habits.