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目的探讨重庆市三峡库区留守中学生亚健康状态与社会支持、应对方式的关系。方法采用多阶段整群随机抽样的方法,应用青少年亚健康多维评定问卷(MSQA)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)和特质应对方式问卷(TCSQ)对重庆市某库区县3所乡镇中学共2247名中学生(留守学生1528人,非留守学生719人)进行调查。结果留守中学生身心、躯体、心理亚健康状态检出率(10.73%、8.24%和12.43%)均高于非留守学生(9.46%、7.37%和10.29%),但差异无统计学意义;主观社会支持、支持利用度、积极应对方式为亚健康状态保护因素,年级、消极应对方式为亚健康状态危险因素;年级、社会支持和应对方式对亚健康主效应作用明显(P<0.05),社会支持与消极应对交互作用明显(P<0.05)。结论重庆三峡库区留守中学生亚健康问题并不突出,消极应对方式对亚健康有重要影响。
Objective To explore the relationship between sub-health status, social support and coping style of left-behind children in Chongqing Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Methods A multistage cluster random sampling method was used to evaluate the effects of MSQA, SSRS and TCSQ on the health outcomes of three townships in Chongqing 2247 secondary students (1528 left-behind students, 719 non-students left behind) were investigated. Results The detection rates of physical, mental, physical and psychological sub-health status of left-behind middle school students were higher than those of non-left-behind students (9.46%, 7.37% and 10.29%, 10.73%, 8.24% and 10.29% Supportiveness, supportive utilization and positive coping styles were sub-health protection factors, grade and negative coping styles were risk factors of sub-health status. Grades, social support and coping styles had significant effect on sub-health main effect (P <0.05) The interaction with negative coping was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion The sub-health problems of left-behind middle school students in the Three Gorges reservoir area in Chongqing are not prominent, and the negative coping styles have an important impact on sub-health.