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为揭示黑龙江西部半干旱区膜下滴灌栽培方式下玉米高产措施,以郑单958为材料,选取氮肥、磷肥、钾肥和密度四因素作为试验因素,每个试验因素设计5个水平,按照二次通用旋转组合设计(1/2实施)统计分析方法建立回归模型,分析不同肥料和密度组合对玉米产量的影响。结果表明:四因素各单因子对籽粒产量有较明显的影响,均呈开口向下的抛物线趋势变化,影响顺序为施氮>密度>施钾>施磷,且单位水平施入量引起边际产量的减少量为施磷>密度>施钾>施氮;氮肥与磷肥之间的配合对产量的增加具有相互促进作用;要获得≥12231.97 kg·hm~(-2)的产量,氮肥、磷肥、钾肥及种植密度的最优组合取值范围为:氮肥246.24~279.59 kg·hm~(-2),磷肥133.77~151.52 kg·hm~(-2),钾肥82.85~97.16 kg·hm~(-2),种植密度79 676~85 324株·hm~(-2)。
In order to reveal the measures of high yield of maize under drip irrigation under plastic film in the semiarid area of western Heilongjiang Province, taking Zhengdan 958 as material, four factors of nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potash fertilizer and density were selected as experimental factors. Five factors were designed for each experimental factor, The general rotation combination design (1/2 implementation) statistical analysis method was used to establish the regression model to analyze the effects of different fertilizer and density combinations on the yield of maize. The results showed that all the four factors and single factors had a significant effect on the grain yield, showing a downward parabola trend with the order of nitrogen application> density> application of potassium> application of phosphorus, and the unit input level caused the marginal yield The amount of nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus fertilizer had a synergistic effect on the increase of yield. In order to obtain the yield of ≥12231.97 kg · hm -2, The optimum combination of potash fertilizer and planting density ranged from 246.24 to 279.59 kg · hm -2 nitrogen fertilizer, 133.77-151.52 kg hm -2 phosphorus fertilizer and 82.85 ~ 97.16 kg hm -2 potassium fertilizer ), Planting density of 79 676 ~ 85 324 plants · hm -2.