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现代理性主义伦理学的典范就是功利主义和道义论,两者都强有力地影响了现代生活世界。随着现代文明种种危机的凸显,现代理性主义伦理学已受到美德伦理学、后现代主义、女性主义、环境伦理学等多方面的挑战。虽然挑战各方都陈述了一些重要理由,但也各有偏颇。在21世纪,伦理学将是直面现实而不是纯思辨、纯理论的伦理学,它必须始终坚持理论与实践相结合的方法论原则;将是复数的即多种伦理学互竞并存的伦理学;将是对话商谈而不是逻辑主义和独语式的伦理学;将是反思、批判现实生活的伦理学;将是美德和规范并重的伦理学;将是知、情、意兼顾的伦理学;将是弥合事实与价值鸿沟,从而将是与各种实证科学交叉渗透的伦理学;将是愉快拥抱价值多元主义而又拒斥道德相对主义的伦理学。
The paradigm of modern rational ethics is utilitarianism and moral theory, both of which have a powerful influence on the modern life world. With the prominent crisis of modern civilization, modern rationalism ethics has been challenged by virtue ethics, postmodernism, feminism and environmental ethics. Although all parties to the challenge have stated some important reasons, they are also biased. In the 21st century, ethics will be a straightforward rather than pure speculative and purely theoretical ethics. It must always adhere to the methodology of combining theory with practice; it will be the ethics of pluralism, that is, the coexistence of multiple ethics; Will be dialogue and discussion instead of logicism and monologue ethics; it will be an ethics of reflection and criticism of real life; it will be an ethics of both virtue and norms; it will be an ethics of knowing, feeling and taking care of both; Is to bridge the gap between facts and values and thus will be the ethics of cross-penetration with various empirical sciences; it will be a happy ethic embracing value pluralism and rejecting moral relativism.