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时态的考查是历年来的高考热点和重点。认真分析2004全国十多套高考试题，笔者认为，其时态的考查概括起来有以下三个特点和趋势，需要同学们在2005年的备考中加以注意：
一、注重时态语态结构的基本运用
04高考对各时态的基本定义、概念和基本用法的考查回归趋势明显，这要求我们复习必须从基础抓起，只有理解和掌握了时态的最基本的要求，才能提高我们运用时态的综合能力。如：
25．— The window is dirty.
—I know. It _____ for weeks.（全国卷III）
A. hasn’t cleanedB. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleanedD. hasn’t been cleaned
27. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006.
（北京卷）
A.has been completed
B.has completed
C.will have been completed
D.will have completed
29. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945. and their power ______ increased enormously ever since.（上海卷）
A. is B. was
C. has beenD. had been
上述三道题均是对时态和语态基本运用的考查，25，29题对现在完成时主被动基本意义的考查。我们知道，现在完成时两个最基本的用法是：表示对现在的影响或结果；动作从过去开始持续到现在。从for weeks、ever since入手，兼顾主被动的区分，不难选出正确答案D、C。27题考查将来完成时的基本用法：表示动作在将来之前完成。2006表将来的时间，by表“在…前”，再根据主被动关系，选出答案C。
二、注重时态在实际语境中的运用
在充分理解和把握了时态基本用法的基础上，进一步考查考生实际交际情景的运用能力，和对上下文的准确理解和把握能力。如：
25.—Has Sam finished his homework today?
— I have no idea. He____ it this morning.
（全国卷II）
A. did B. has done
C. was doingD. had done
25. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
（北京卷）
A.had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to consider
28. —What were you doing when Tony phoned you ?
—I had just finished my work and to take a shower.（天津卷）
A. had started B. started
C. have started D. was starting
上述三题均要从情景理解入手，把握上下文的内涵，全国卷和北京卷的设题思路基本一样，I have no idea、but she hasn’t decided yet是解题的关键，既然“不知道Sam完成”，那就说明他早上还在做；同样，既然“她还没有决定”，那就说明她一直在考虑，有了正确的理解，就很容易选出答案C、B。天津卷此题首先要从时间范畴上入手，排除C，然后根据情景“我刚完成工作要去洗澡时Tony给我打电话来了”，由于趋向动词的进行时可表将来，由此选定答案D。
三、考查时态在句型或主从句中的运用，和时态上下一致的综合运用能力。如：
25.Turnon the television or open a magazine and you ______advertisements showing happy families（湖南）
A. will often see B. often see
C. are often seeing D. have often seen
34.Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _____to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.（江苏）
A. begin B. began
C. have begun D. had begun
湖南卷此题考查句型：“祈使句+and/or/then…+将来时”的用法，所以选A；而江苏卷考查主从句中时态的一致和运用，结合题义“the early 1990s”为其后定语从句的先行词，在此期间人们开始享受CD新技术的好处，动作发生在过去，选出答案B。
四、有时，也会出现对时态特殊运用的考查，这就提示我们在备考时要关注冷点和难点。如：
It is said in the book _____ that ThomasEdison (1847-1931)the world leading inventor for sixty years .
（辽宁）
A．would beB．has beenC．had beenD．was
此题考查“对已逝世的人物的事情的描述用动词一般过去时态”的特殊用法。故选D。
综上所述，笔者认为备战05动词时态要从以上三个方面着手，不能偏废基础，更不能只抓某种题型。希望能对你的备考有所帮助。
经典演练
1. Let' s keep to the point or we _______ any decisions.（04全国卷I）
A. will never reach B. have never reached
C. never reach D. never reached
2. —You were out when I dropped in at your house.
—Oh ,I_______ for a friend from England at the airport.（04福建卷）
A．was waiting B．had waited
C．am waiting D．have waited
3.My mind wasn' t on what he was saying so I' m afraidI ______ half of it.（04全国卷I）
A. was missing B. had missed
C. will miss D. missed
4. I ______ you not to move my dictionary, now I can' t find it.（04全国卷II）
A. asked B. ask
C. was asking D. had asked
5.—What’s that terrible noise?
—The neighbors _______ for a party.
（04北京卷）
A. have prepared B. are preparing
C. prepare D. will prepare
6.—Hey. Look where you are going!
—Oh, I’m terribly sorry. ________.(99全国卷)
A. I’m not noticingB. I wasn’t noticing
C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice
7.—You’ve left the light on.
—Oh, so I have. ____and turn it off.(00全国卷)
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone
C. I go D. I’m going
8.The crazy fans ____ patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie stararrived.（04重庆卷）
A.were waiting B. had been waiting
C .had waited D. would wait
9.I wonder why Jenny ________us recently. We should have heard from her by now.（02全国卷）
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write
C. won’t write D. hadn’t written
10.She _____ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a betterjob.
（04重庆卷）
A. would change B. has changed
C. changed D. was changing
11.— I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
— Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ______ ?(04湖南卷)
A. was leaving B. had left
C. has left D. left
12.More patients ___________ in hospital this year than last year.（04江苏卷）
A. treated B. have treated
C. had been treated D. have been treated
13.He kept looking at her , wondering whether he ____her somewhere .（04湖北卷）
A．saw B．has seen C．sees D．had seen
14.—George and Lucy got married last week . Did you go to their wedding ?
—No , I_______. Did they have a big wedding ?（04湖北卷）
A．was not invited B．have not been invited
C．hadn’t been invited D．didn’t invite
15.I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ________.(03上海卷)
A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned
C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned
KEY：AADABBABACDDDCC
一、注重时态语态结构的基本运用
04高考对各时态的基本定义、概念和基本用法的考查回归趋势明显，这要求我们复习必须从基础抓起，只有理解和掌握了时态的最基本的要求，才能提高我们运用时态的综合能力。如：
25．— The window is dirty.
—I know. It _____ for weeks.（全国卷III）
A. hasn’t cleanedB. didn’t clean
C. wasn’t cleanedD. hasn’t been cleaned
27. The mayor of Beijing says that all construction work for the Beijing Olympics _____ by 2006.
（北京卷）
A.has been completed
B.has completed
C.will have been completed
D.will have completed
29. The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945. and their power ______ increased enormously ever since.（上海卷）
A. is B. was
C. has beenD. had been
上述三道题均是对时态和语态基本运用的考查，25，29题对现在完成时主被动基本意义的考查。我们知道，现在完成时两个最基本的用法是：表示对现在的影响或结果；动作从过去开始持续到现在。从for weeks、ever since入手，兼顾主被动的区分，不难选出正确答案D、C。27题考查将来完成时的基本用法：表示动作在将来之前完成。2006表将来的时间，by表“在…前”，再根据主被动关系，选出答案C。
二、注重时态在实际语境中的运用
在充分理解和把握了时态基本用法的基础上，进一步考查考生实际交际情景的运用能力，和对上下文的准确理解和把握能力。如：
25.—Has Sam finished his homework today?
— I have no idea. He____ it this morning.
（全国卷II）
A. did B. has done
C. was doingD. had done
25. Now that she is out of a job, Lucy _____ going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
（北京卷）
A.had considered
B. has been considering
C. considered
D. is going to consider
28. —What were you doing when Tony phoned you ?
—I had just finished my work and to take a shower.（天津卷）
A. had started B. started
C. have started D. was starting
上述三题均要从情景理解入手，把握上下文的内涵，全国卷和北京卷的设题思路基本一样，I have no idea、but she hasn’t decided yet是解题的关键，既然“不知道Sam完成”，那就说明他早上还在做；同样，既然“她还没有决定”，那就说明她一直在考虑，有了正确的理解，就很容易选出答案C、B。天津卷此题首先要从时间范畴上入手，排除C，然后根据情景“我刚完成工作要去洗澡时Tony给我打电话来了”，由于趋向动词的进行时可表将来，由此选定答案D。
三、考查时态在句型或主从句中的运用，和时态上下一致的综合运用能力。如：
25.Turnon the television or open a magazine and you ______advertisements showing happy families（湖南）
A. will often see B. often see
C. are often seeing D. have often seen
34.Sales of CDs have greatly increased since the early 1990s, when people _____to enjoy the advantages of this new technology.（江苏）
A. begin B. began
C. have begun D. had begun
湖南卷此题考查句型：“祈使句+and/or/then…+将来时”的用法，所以选A；而江苏卷考查主从句中时态的一致和运用，结合题义“the early 1990s”为其后定语从句的先行词，在此期间人们开始享受CD新技术的好处，动作发生在过去，选出答案B。
四、有时，也会出现对时态特殊运用的考查，这就提示我们在备考时要关注冷点和难点。如：
It is said in the book _____ that ThomasEdison (1847-1931)the world leading inventor for sixty years .
（辽宁）
A．would beB．has beenC．had beenD．was
此题考查“对已逝世的人物的事情的描述用动词一般过去时态”的特殊用法。故选D。
综上所述，笔者认为备战05动词时态要从以上三个方面着手，不能偏废基础，更不能只抓某种题型。希望能对你的备考有所帮助。
经典演练
1. Let' s keep to the point or we _______ any decisions.（04全国卷I）
A. will never reach B. have never reached
C. never reach D. never reached
2. —You were out when I dropped in at your house.
—Oh ,I_______ for a friend from England at the airport.（04福建卷）
A．was waiting B．had waited
C．am waiting D．have waited
3.My mind wasn' t on what he was saying so I' m afraidI ______ half of it.（04全国卷I）
A. was missing B. had missed
C. will miss D. missed
4. I ______ you not to move my dictionary, now I can' t find it.（04全国卷II）
A. asked B. ask
C. was asking D. had asked
5.—What’s that terrible noise?
—The neighbors _______ for a party.
（04北京卷）
A. have prepared B. are preparing
C. prepare D. will prepare
6.—Hey. Look where you are going!
—Oh, I’m terribly sorry. ________.(99全国卷)
A. I’m not noticingB. I wasn’t noticing
C. I haven’t noticed D. I don’t notice
7.—You’ve left the light on.
—Oh, so I have. ____and turn it off.(00全国卷)
A. I’ll go B. I’ve gone
C. I go D. I’m going
8.The crazy fans ____ patiently for two hours and they would wait till the movie stararrived.（04重庆卷）
A.were waiting B. had been waiting
C .had waited D. would wait
9.I wonder why Jenny ________us recently. We should have heard from her by now.（02全国卷）
A. hasn’t written B. doesn’t write
C. won’t write D. hadn’t written
10.She _____ her hairstyle in her hometown before she came to Chongqing for a betterjob.
（04重庆卷）
A. would change B. has changed
C. changed D. was changing
11.— I hear Jane has gone to the Holy Island for her holiday.
— Oh, how nice! Do you know when she ______ ?(04湖南卷)
A. was leaving B. had left
C. has left D. left
12.More patients ___________ in hospital this year than last year.（04江苏卷）
A. treated B. have treated
C. had been treated D. have been treated
13.He kept looking at her , wondering whether he ____her somewhere .（04湖北卷）
A．saw B．has seen C．sees D．had seen
14.—George and Lucy got married last week . Did you go to their wedding ?
—No , I_______. Did they have a big wedding ?（04湖北卷）
A．was not invited B．have not been invited
C．hadn’t been invited D．didn’t invite
15.I thought Jim would say something about his school report, but he ________.(03上海卷)
A. doesn’t mention B. hadn’t mentioned
C. didn’t mention D. hasn’t mentioned
KEY：AADABBABACDDDCC