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劳动异化是由于分工的某一种形式而产生的。它与社会分化为敌对的阶级有关,与剥削和私有制的社会现状有关。换言之,劳动异化的根源是私有制。资本主义国家科学技术的发展和劳动生产率的高水平,并不能保障社会自由。社会自由从可能性变为现实性的最重要条件,是消除劳动异化,首先是废除私有制。社会主义废除了私有制,因而消除了劳动异化的根源,而劳动异化是一切异化之源。但是社会主义社会并不能达到最大限度的自由。解放的过程是渐进的,经济领域中的解放过程不仅取决于社会主义公有制的确立和发展,而且取决于建设一个无阶级社会的方法和速度。要彻底克服异化及其影响,必须消除妨碍劳动向自由的自主活动转化的一切因素。这除了与经济关系有关以外,还与一些纯技术的现象有关。经济变化的发生,要比共产主义思想的确立来得快,共产主义思想的发展则比社会心理的变化来得快。个人的心理改造最慢。因此,改造人的意识使之臻于完善,是一个长期的过程。
Labor alienation is due to one form of division of labor. It relates to the division of society into a hostile class and to the current social situation of exploitation and private ownership. In other words, the source of labor alienation is private ownership. The development of science and technology and the high level of labor productivity in capitalist countries can not guarantee social freedom. The most important condition for the social freedom to change from possibility to reality is to eliminate the alienation of labor and, above all, to abolish private ownership. Socialism abolished private ownership, thus eliminating the root causes of labor alienation, and labor alienation is the source of all alienation. However, socialist society does not achieve its maximum freedom. The process of liberation is gradual. The process of liberation in the economic field depends not only on the establishment and development of socialist public ownership, but also on the method and speed of building a classless society. To completely overcome the effects of alienation and its effects, all factors that impede the transformation of labor into free and independent activities must be eliminated. Apart from the economic relations, this is also linked to some purely technical phenomena. The occurrence of economic change is faster than the establishment of communist ideology and the development of communist ideology is faster than that of social psychology. Personal psychological reform slowest. Therefore, it is a long-term process to reform people’s consciousness to make it perfect.