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近代科学诞生后,随牛顿经典理论体系的巨大成功,拉普拉斯决定论甚嚣尘上。而近代科学的前进,离不开科学实验。作为科学研究的一种有效方法,实验受到几乎所有科学家的青睐。人们普遍认为它“既是研究的起点,也是最后的裁判者”(《科学史》第10页)。彭加勒甚至认为,“实验是真理的唯一源泉。唯有它能够告诉我们一切新东西,唯有它能够给我们确定性。”(《科学与假设》第117页)鉴此,实验也受到科学哲学家的广泛关注。《复归科学实践——一种科学哲学的新反思》
After the birth of modern science, with the great success of Newton’s classic theoretical system, Laplace’s determinism is rampant. The progress of modern science can not be separated from scientific experiments. As an effective method of scientific research, experiments are favored by almost all scientists. It is generally accepted that “it is both a starting point and a final judge” (“History of Science” p. 10). Penggal even believes that “experiment is the only source of truth, and only it can tell us everything new, only it can give us certainty.” (Science and Assumption, p. 117) In this regard, experiments Has also been widespread concern of philosophers of science. “Returning to Scientific Practice - A New Reflection on Philosophy of Science”