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髓外浆细胞瘤是一种罕见的恶性浆细胞瘤,它可以发生在含有网状内皮系统的任何器官,文献报道90％发生在头颈部,至少有3/4病例发生在上呼吸道(包括鼻腔和鼻窦)。作者们自1949～1975年共收治7例,年龄自24岁至60岁(平均年龄为46岁)。男性6例,女性2例。鼻腔3例,左扁桃体窝1例,声门上区1例,上颌窦区2例。症状依病变所在部位而异,在鼻腔内者有鼻阻,鼻衄;上颌窦受累者则有同侧面部疼痛,喉部病变者则有声嘶,而本文扁桃体的肿瘤无自觉症状。均采用放疗,剂量自2,100r/7次至6,000r/34次不等。治疗后肿块均全部消失。随访3年至24年(平均10年),均无死亡者。就诊时以及随访过程中全部患者均经过全身检查未发现骨髓瘤,蛋白电泳,免疫电泳,末梢血和骨髓活检均在正常范围,尿检查Bence-Jones蛋白亦属阴性。
Extramedullary plasmacytoma is a rare malignant plasma cell tumor that can occur in any organ containing the reticuloendothelial system. It is reported in the literature that 90% of cases occur in the head and neck, and at least 3/4 of cases occur in the upper respiratory tract (including Nasal cavity and sinus). The authors treated 7 patients from 1949 to 1975, aged from 24 to 60 years (mean age 46 years). There were 6 males and 2 females. There were 3 cases of nasal cavity, 1 case of left tonsil fossa, 1 case of supraglottic area and 2 cases of maxillary sinus area. Symptoms vary depending on where the lesion is located. In the nasal cavity, there are nasal obstructions and epistaxis; the maxillary sinus involvement is associated with lateral pain, and the laryngeal lesions are hoarse, and the tonsils of the tumour have no symptoms. All use radiotherapy, ranging in dose from 2,100r/7 to 6,000r/34 times. All tumors disappeared after treatment. Follow-up from 3 to 24 years (average 10 years), no deaths. At the time of treatment and during follow-up, all patients had undergone a systemic examination and no myeloma was detected. Protein electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis, peripheral blood, and bone marrow biopsy were within the normal range. Bone-Jones protein was also negative for urine.