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北方大部分地区的旱地土壤中,农业氮素一般表现亏损,平衡强度约87%;园田土壤氮素略有盈余,平衡强度约123%.~(15)示踪研究表明,旱地土壤主要作物氮素利用率平均为27.04%,土壤残留24.79%,亏缺损失48.17%.园田主要蔬菜氮素和用率平均为29.11%,土壤残留22.67%,亏缺损失48.23%,其间差异很小.北方旱地施用铵态氮化肥主要损失是氨的挥发.影响氨挥发的因素有风速、温度、土壤水分、土壤质地、化肥品种.氮肥深施是防止氨挥发的有效方法.
In most of the northern dryland soil, agricultural nitrogen generally showed a loss, the equilibrium strength was about 87%, while that of the garden soil was slightly surplus, with a balance of about 123%. (15) Tracer studies showed that the main crop nitrogen The average utilization rate of prime was 27.04%, soil residual 24.79% and deficit loss 48.17%. The main vegetable nitrogen and utilization rate of Yuanyuan was 29.11%, 22.67% of soil residue and 48.23% of loss, with little difference between them The main loss of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer is the volatilization of ammonia.The factors that affect ammonia volatilization are wind speed, temperature, soil moisture, soil texture and chemical fertilizer variety.The deep application of nitrogen fertilizer is an effective method to prevent ammonia volatilization.