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研制成功了一套土石坝离心模型溃坝试验系统,采用旋转接水环,确保了高加速度条件下溃坝试验过程中能持续提供足够的对坝体进行冲蚀的水量;采用先进的数据量测方法和图像采集系统能多角度捕捉和摄取土石坝的溃坝全过程,且该系统在高加速度和泥石流条件下能正常工作。利用该离心试验系统以32cm坝高的模型对最大坝高达32m的3种不同坝高均质土石坝进行了漫顶溃坝模型试验,研究了坝高对均质坝溃口发展规律和溃坝洪水流量过程的影响。结果发现:随着坝高的增加,溃口的纵向下切与溃口边坡的失稳坍塌速度明显加快,溃口流量过程线更为陡峭,峰值流量增大,且峰值流量出现时间更早,溃坝历时更短,因此,溃坝致灾后果将更为严重。
The successful development of a set of earth-rock dam centrifugal model dam test system, the use of rotating water ring, to ensure that high acceleration conditions during the dam failure test can continue to provide adequate erosion of the dam body of water; using advanced data The measurement method and the image acquisition system can capture and absorb the whole process of dam failure by multi-angle, and the system can work normally under high acceleration and debris flow conditions. Using the model of 32cm dam height, the centrifuge test system was used to carry out the flood control test of three different dam height homogeneous rockfill dam with the maximum dam height of 32m. The development of dam height and the dam break flood The impact of traffic process. The results show that with the increase of dam height, the instability collapse speed of the longitudinal undercut and the breached slope is obviously accelerated, the process curve of the breach flow is steeper, the peak flow rate increases, and the peak flow occurs earlier, Shorter, so the consequences of dam failure will be more serious.