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目的分析《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(2006)实施后6年来的武汉市公共场所集中空调通风系统污染状况,为《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(WS 394-2012)的顺利实施提供技术支持。方法 2007-2012年每年8-10月随机抽取武汉市大型商场超市10家,每家检测5个风口,按《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》(2006)要求进行采样和检测。检测指标:风管内表面细菌总数、积尘量;2010-2012年增加风管内表面真菌总数指标;2007年和2010年增加送风系统细菌总数、可吸入颗粒物两项指标。结果 (1)2007-2012年,风管内表面细菌总数合格率分别为:100.00%、100.00%、98.00%、92.00%、96.00%、100.00%;积尘量合格率分别为:94.00%、94.00%、100.00%、100.00%、98.00%、100.00%;2010-2012年风管真菌总数合格率分别为:86.00%、72.00%、82.00%。(2)2007年和2010年送风系统细菌总数合格率分别为22.00%、94.00%差异有统计学意义(χ2=-8.18,P<0.05);可吸入颗粒物合格率分别为90.00%、92.00%,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。(3)历年检测结果比较显示:风管内表面真菌总数污染程度,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)2010年<2012年<2011年;送风系统细菌总数污染程度为2010年<2007年。结论一个“办法”、三个“规范”执行后的6年间武汉市公共场所集中空调通风系统污染状况有所改善,但污染状况出现反复波动,应继续保持卫生监督和监测力度,促进室内空气质量的提高。
Objective To analyze the pollution status of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in Wuhan for six years after the implementation of Hygiene Code for Ventilation System of Central Air Conditioning System in Public Places (2006), which is the best of “Health Criteria for Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation System in Public Places” (WS 394-2012) Implementation to provide technical support. Methods From 2007 to 2012, 10 large-scale shopping centers in Wuhan City were randomly sampled from August to October each year. Each of them was tested for 5 outlets. Sampling and testing were conducted according to the requirements of Hygienic Standard for Central Air Conditioning and Ventilation System in Public Places (2006). Test indicators: the total number of bacteria on the inner surface of the duct, the amount of dust; 2010-2012 increase the total number of funnels on the inner surface of the duct; 2007 and 2010 to increase the total number of air supply system bacteria, inhalable particles two indicators. Results (1) From 2007 to 2012, the pass rates of the total number of bacteria on the inner surface of the duct were 100.00%, 100.00%, 98.00%, 92.00%, 96.00% and 100.00% respectively. The passing rates of dust accumulation were 94.00% and 94.00% , 100.00%, 100.00%, 98.00% and 100.00% respectively. The pass rates of the fungi in the wind tunnel in 2010-2012 were 86.00%, 72.00% and 82.00% respectively. (2) The total number of bacteria in the air supply system in 2007 and 2010 were 22.00% and 94.00%, respectively (χ2 = -8.18, P <0.05). The pass rates of inhalable particles were 90.00% and 92.00% , The difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). (3) Comparison of the test results over the years showed that the total number of fungi on the inner surface of the duct was no significant difference (P> 0.05) between 2010 <2012 <2011; the total number of bacteria in the blast air system was 2010 <2007. Conclusion The pollution of central air-conditioning and ventilation systems in public places in Wuhan has been improved in a six-year period after implementation of the “Three Measures” and “Three Standards”. However, the pollution status fluctuated repeatedly and health supervision and monitoring should be continued. Promote the improvement of indoor air quality.