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目的分析江门市学生结核病患者登记情况,探讨该地区学校结核病流行趋势。方法通过中国结核病信息管理系统收集2011―2015年江门市学生结核病登记资料,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2011―2015年江门市共报告学生肺结核患者520例,占全市报告肺结核患者总数的3.39%。各年报告发病率分别为15.04/10万~18.23/10万,各年涂阳报告登记率分别4.81/10万~8.45/10万,差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。全年各月均有肺结核病例报告,其中以4―5月报告病例数最多,共报告220例,占病例总数的42.31%。男生291例,女生229例,男女性别比为1.27∶1;以15~19岁年龄组发病为主,共报告419例,占病例总数的80.58%。学生结核病患者的发现方式主要为转诊(占42.88%)和因症就诊(占31.15%)。结论江门市学生结核病疫情总体趋势平稳,但仍需重点关注中学生结核病疫情监测与治疗管理。
Objective To analyze the registration of tuberculosis patients among students in Jiangmen City and to explore the prevalence of tuberculosis in schools in this area. Methods The data of tuberculosis registration of students in Jiangmen City from 2011 to 2015 were collected through China’s Tuberculosis Information Management System, and the descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the data. Results From 2011 to 2015, Jiangmen City reported a total of 520 students with TB cases, accounting for 3.39% of the total number of TB cases reported by the city. The annual incidence rates were 15.04 / 100 ~ 18.23 / 100 000, and the registration rates of smear positive cases in each year were 4.81 / 100 ~ 8.45 / 100 000 respectively, with no significant difference (all P> 0.05). There were reports of tuberculosis cases throughout the year, of which the most reported cases were in April-May, a total of 220 cases were reported, accounting for 42.31% of the total cases. There were 291 boys and 229 girls, the male-to-female sex ratio was 1.27:1. The incidence was mainly in the age group of 15-19 years old, with a total of 419 cases reported, accounting for 80.58% of the total cases. The main ways of finding out TB patients were referral (42.88%) and symptomatic treatment (31.15%). Conclusions The general trend of TB epidemics among students in Jiangmen City was stable, but the monitoring and treatment management of tuberculosis in middle school students still needed to be focused.