论文部分内容阅读
[目的 ]摸清部队人群病毒性肝炎与甲型肝炎实际发病水平及流行病学特征 ,为部队肝炎防治提供科学依据。[方法 ]以整群抽样方式抽取某部为观察对象 ,收集病毒性肝炎相关资料 ,采集血清标本用ELISA法检测肝炎病毒感染指标。 [结果 ] 1 993～ 2 0 0 0年某部肝炎发病率为 0 81‰ ;甲型肝炎发病率为 0 1 9‰ ,呈逐年下降趋势 ,在肝炎病例中甲肝占 36 36 %～ 7 69%。干部肝炎发病率 (1 63‰ )明显高于战士 (0 90‰ ) ,而战士甲肝发病率 (0 2 1‰ )高于干部(0 1 8‰ )。肝炎疫情以散发形式为主 ,肝炎与甲肝 2～ 4月发病数分别占全年的 51 54 %和 51 85 %。甲肝疫苗接种后36个月接种组抗 HAV阳性率仍高于未接种组。 [结论 ]肝炎严重危害部队人群的健康 ,应针对易感者进行甲肝疫苗接种 ,以进一步降低肝炎的发病率
[Objective] To find out the actual incidence and epidemiological characteristics of viral hepatitis and hepatitis A in military force and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis in military units. [Methods] Taking a certain group as the observation object by cluster sampling method, the relevant data of viral hepatitis were collected and the serum samples were collected to detect the index of hepatitis virus infection by ELISA. [Results] The incidence of hepatitis in a certain part was 0 81 ‰ from 1993 to 2000. The incidence of hepatitis A was 0 1 9 ‰, showing a declining trend year by year. In hepatitis A cases, 36 36% to 7 69% . The incidence of cadre hepatitis (163%) was significantly higher than that of soldiers (090%), while the incidence of hepatitis A (021%) was higher than that of cadres (018%). The outbreak of hepatitis was mainly in the form of excretion. The incidence of hepatitis and hepatitis A from 2 to April accounted for 51 54% and 51 85% of the whole year respectively. The positive rate of anti-HAV in vaccinated group at 36 months after hepatitis A vaccination was still higher than that in non-vaccinated group. [Conclusion] Hepatitis is seriously endangering the health of the unit population. Hepatitis A vaccine should be given to susceptible individuals to further reduce the incidence of hepatitis