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单核苷酸多态性 (singlenucleotidepolymorphism ,SNP)是等位基因间序列差异最为普遍的类型 ,可作为一种高通量的遗传标记。已建立了PCR扩增目标序列及其产物测序和电子SNP(eSNP)等多种发现和检测SNP的方法。玉米和大豆等作物也已开展了SNP分析。一些栽培作物种质的多样性不断减少 ,其结果使连锁不平衡 (linkagedise quilibrium ,LD)增加 ,这有利于目的基因座上SNP单元型 (haplotype)与表型的相关性分析。SNP已在作物基因作图及其整合、分子标记辅助育种和功能基因组学等领域展示了广泛的应用价值
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is the most common type of allelic sequence differences and can be used as a high-throughput genetic marker. A number of methods have been established for the detection and detection of SNPs, such as PCR amplification of target sequences and their product sequencing and electronic SNP (eSNP). SNPs have also been carried out in crops such as corn and soybeans. The reduced diversity of some cultivated plant germplasms results in an increase in linkage disequilibrium (LD), which facilitates the association of haplotypes with phenotypes at the locus of interest. SNPs have shown widespread utility in crop gene mapping and integration, molecular marker-assisted breeding and functional genomics