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中国历代的英明统治者和有识之士都重视风俗和教化在国家治理和社会控制中的作用,并有大量论述。顾炎武、王夫之和唐甄等明清之际的启蒙思想家深刻反思和总结明亡的惨痛教训,认为明代、特别是明末风俗和教化衰坏和士习窳败是其中的重要原因。他们在全面考察中国历代风习变迁、教化行废与国运兴衰关系的基础上,继承和发展中国儒家重视以风教治国的思想,从不同角度和层面对风俗(气)变迁与国家兴衰、行教化与正风俗、振士风与兴国运等问题进行了新的理论思考与阐发。他们的思想不仅具有重要理论价值,也有积极的现实借鉴意义。
The wise rulers and people of insight in ancient China all emphasized the role of customs and enlightenment in state administration and social control, and there was a great deal of discussion. The enlightenment thinkers such as Gu Yanwu, Wang Fuzhi and Tang Zhen during the Ming and Qing Dynasties deeply introspected and summed up the traumatic lesson of Ming dynasty. They believed that the Ming and the Ming dynasties, especially the customs and the decline of education and corruption, were the important reasons. On the basis of comprehensively examining the changes in customs, changes in education and education and the rise and fall of their fortunes in ancient China, they inherit and develop Chinese Confucianism, which attaches importance to the idea of administering the country by wind to teach politics. From their perspectives and perspectives, Educating and being customs, activists and Xing country and other issues carried out a new theoretical thinking and elucidation. Their ideas not only have important theoretical value, but also have positive meanings for reference.