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在确保分离要求不变基础上,合理利用分馏塔过剩热量对于延迟焦化装置的“节能降耗”具有重要意义。为更加合理、充分利用装置过剩热量,以某1.65Mt/a延迟焦化装置主分馏塔为研究对象,借助Aspen流程模拟软件建立了流程模拟数学模型,分馏塔选择Petro Frac模型,气液分离罐选用Flash2绝热闪蒸模型,热力学计算方法选用GS模型,气液相的焓、熵计算采用PR方程,液相密度计算采用API法。对模型准确性进行验证,并对分馏塔取热优化影响因素进行灵敏度分析,在此基础上应用用分析方法对主分馏塔用能优化进行研究。结果表明:计算结果与现场标定值吻合较好,满足工程计算精度要求;合理增大高温位取热量,减少低温位取热量,可提高分馏塔过剩热量有效利用程度,降低分离过程用损失;在保证产品分布及质量不受影响前提下,优化调整延迟焦化分馏塔各回流取热比例,分馏塔过剩余热用提高1.07MW。
On the basis of ensuring the requirement of separation, it is of great significance to make reasonable use of excess heat in the fractionator for the “energy saving” of the delayed coking unit. In order to make full use of excess heat from the plant, the main distillation tower of a coking unit of 1.65Mt / a was taken as the research object. The flow simulation mathematical model was established by using Aspen flow simulation software. The Petro Frac model was selected for the fractionation tower. Flash2 adiabatic flashing model, the GS model was selected as the thermodynamic calculation method, the PR equation was used to calculate the enthalpy and entropy of the gas-liquid phase, and the API method was used to calculate the liquid-phase density. The accuracy of the model was verified, and sensitivity analysis of influencing factors of heat removal in fractionator was carried out. On this basis, the analysis method was used to optimize the energy consumption of the main fractionator. The results show that the calculated results are in good agreement with the on-site calibration values and meet the requirements of engineering calculation precision. Reasonably increasing the amount of heat taken at high temperature and reducing the amount of heat taken at low temperature can increase the effective utilization of excess heat in fractionation tower and reduce the loss during separation process. Under the premise of ensuring the product distribution and quality unaffected, the proportion of each reflux of the delayed coking fractionation tower was optimized and adjusted, and the excess residual heat of the fractionation tower was increased by 1.07MW.