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目的 :为股后皮神经营养血管筋膜皮瓣提供临床应用基础。方法 :用乳胶灌注成人尸体 34侧下肢并解剖 ,对股后皮神经及血管进行详细的应用解剖学观测。结果 :股后皮神经在距离坐骨结节 (7.4± 1 .0 ) cm处的臀大肌下缘离开臀部进入股后区 ,沿深筋膜深面下行至月国窝上角附近分为若干终支 ,干长为 (2 2 .5± 2 .8) cm,沿途分支至股后区皮肤 ,下达月国窝横纹附近。其横径在臀大肌下缘、神经干的上中 1 / 3交点及中下 1 / 3交点分别为 (4.4± 0 .8) mm、(3.4± 0 .7) mm、(2 .2± 0 .8) mm。股后皮神经的血供为多源性 ,臀下动脉、月国动脉及股深动脉第四穿动脉组成轴型血管 ,股深动脉穿支作为节段性动脉。两组动脉沿神经干互相吻合成网 ,并与皮下及深筋膜下的血管网相交通。结论 :带股后皮神经及其营养血管的顺行或逆行筋膜皮瓣可用于转位或移值修复四肢等处创伤与皮肤肿瘤切除后所致的软组织缺损
Objective: To provide the basis for clinical application of posterior cutaneous nerve nutrient fascia flap. Methods: Lateral limbs of adult cadavers were perfused with latex and anatomized. Detailed anatomic observations of posterior subclavian nerve and blood vessels were performed. RESULTS: The posterior posterior femoral nerve left the buttocks at the lower edge of the gluteus maxus from the ischial tuberosity (7.4 ± 1.0 cm) and entered the posterior posterior region of the posterior femur. The final support, stem length (2 2 .5 ± 2 .8) cm, branch to the posterior area of the skin along the way, issued on the nest around the horizontal stripes. The transverse diameter at the lower edge of the gluteus maximus was (4.4 ± 0.8) mm, (3.4 ± 0.7) mm, (2 .2) ± 0 .8) mm. Posterior cutaneous nerve of the blood supply for the multi-source, the inferior gluteal artery, the arteries and the femoral artery fourth artery composed of axial vessels, deep femoral artery perforating branch as a segmental artery. Two groups of arteries along the neural stem anastomosis into the network, and subcutaneous and deep fascia under the vascular network traffic. Conclusion: The anteroposterior or retrograde fasciocutaneous flap with posterior cutaneous nerve and its nutrient vessels can be used to translocate or shift the soft tissue defects caused by trauma and skin tumor resection