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地质灾害的形成和演化受制于一定的区域背景条件,从而决定了区域地理环境对地质灾害的空间分布有着不可忽视的影响,地学信息图谱理论借助图形语言的形象思维和表达能力,可直观、简洁地表达地质灾害的形成条件和影响因素。本文基于地质灾害空间数据库,运用地学信息图谱理论和GIS技术,将地质灾害空间属性及其与致灾因子在时间、空间分布的关系用图谱形式表示,分析研究区地质灾害在空间上的特征以及在时间上的变化过程。研究结果表明,研究区内地质灾害的形成主要受地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、降雨和人类工程活动等因素的影响和制约。其中,地形地貌是形成地质灾害的必要条件,地层岩性为地质灾害形态及变形破坏提供了物质基础,地质构造对地质灾害形成具有直接或间接的控制作用,降雨是地质灾害的主要触发因素,人类工程活动加剧了地质灾害的形成。
The formation and evolution of geological disasters are subject to certain regional background conditions, which determine the regional geography environment has a significant impact on the spatial distribution of geological disasters. Geo-information graph theory can be intuitive and concise with the aid of graphical thinking and expression of graphic language To express the geological disasters formation conditions and influencing factors. Based on the geo-hazard spatial database, using the geo-information atlas theory and GIS technology, the spatial attributes of geological disasters and their relationship with the hazard factors in time and space are represented graphically. The spatial characteristics of geohazards in the study area and their spatial distribution are analyzed. The process of change in time. The results show that the formation of geological disasters in the study area is mainly affected and constrained by topography, stratum lithology, geological structure, rainfall and human engineering activities. Among them, the topography is a necessary condition for the formation of geological disasters. Formation lithology provides the material basis for the geological disasters and deformation and damage. Geological structure has a direct or indirect control over the formation of geological disasters. Rainfall is the main triggering factor of geological disasters. Human-engineering activities have exacerbated the formation of geological disasters.