论文部分内容阅读
为了探求膜下亏缺灌溉条件下大棚西瓜营养生长期的最佳滴灌频率,为西北干旱半干旱地区设施西瓜合理灌溉提供理论指导,笔者以‘农科大11号’西瓜为试材,以室内蒸发皿水面蒸发量的0.4倍为亏缺灌水量,试验共设置T1、T2、T3共3个灌水频率处理,分别为每2天灌1次水(高频)、每4天灌1次水(中频)和每6天灌1次水(低频),研究了滴灌频率对西瓜营养生长期根区土壤含水量、植株生长以及相关生理指标的影响。试验结果表明:T2下根区0~20 cm土层的土壤水分条件最适宜营养生长期的生长,植株叶绿素含量、净光合速率和叶片水分利用效率达到最高,光合同化能力强,且西瓜叶片能够保持适宜的细胞汁液浓度和细胞水分代谢水平。整体而言,T2西瓜营养生长期长势较好,植株健壮,抗逆性更强,有利于抵抗早春大棚各种逆境胁迫。综合考虑土壤水分分布、生理及生长指标,T2即每4天灌1次水是西北地区早春大棚西瓜营养生长期亏缺灌溉条件下最佳灌溉频率。该研究可为提高西瓜营养生长期亏缺灌溉水分利用效率提供参考依据。
In order to explore the optimal drip irrigation frequency of greenhouse watermelon during vegetative growth under the condition of submerged irrigation, provide theoretical guidance for the reasonable irrigation of facilities watermelon in arid and semi-arid areas in northwestern China. Taking ’Nongda 11’ watermelon as test material, Evapotranspiration of 0.4 times the water evaporation for the deficit, the experiment set a total of T1, T2, T3 irrigation frequency of treatment, respectively, every 2 days irrigation 1 water (high frequency), once every 4 days irrigation water (Middle frequency) and water once every 6 days (low frequency). The effects of drip irrigation frequency on soil water content, plant growth and related physiological indices of root zone in vegetative growth stage of watermelon were studied. The results showed that the soil moisture conditions in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer in the root zone of T2 were the most suitable for vegetative growth. The chlorophyll content, net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency of leaves were the highest and the photosynthetic assimilation ability was the highest. Can maintain the appropriate cell juice concentration and cell moisture metabolism level. Overall, T2 watermelon vegetative growth period is better, robust plants, stronger resistance, conducive to resist all kinds of adverse stress in early spring greenhouses. Taken into account the soil moisture distribution, physiological and growth indicators, T2 that is, once every 4 days, irrigation water is the best irrigation frequency under the conditions of deficit irrigation in early spring greenhouse watermelon growth stage in Northwest China. This study can provide a reference for improving the water use efficiency of deficit irrigation in the vegetative growth stage of watermelon.