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葛兰西认为:“传统的知识分子”是指那些错误地把自己看作脱离政治、经济或历史背景的知识分子;“有机的知识分子”是指从属于某个社会阶层,并与阶层之间的知识斗争相连的知识分子。福柯认为:“左派的知识分子”是工人阶级的有机组成部分,但倾向于寻求某些普适性的真理;“专业/专门的知识分子”具有可能产生广泛影响的专门知识,有被各种团体利用的危险。在西方比较教育学领域,很多比较教育学者很自然地都把自己看作专家。在福柯的概念中,即他/她们认为自己是“专门的知识分子”。除此之外,很多学者还表现出了保护学科疆域的期望。在全球化的背景下,对于比较教育学者来说,专门知识分子的提法依然是合适的,但同时也是具有危险性的。在全球化和研究全球化的过程中,专门知识分子需要对专业领域有深入的研究,比较教育学者可以成为来自本土社会群体的专门知识分子。
Gramsci holds the view that “traditional intellectuals” refer to those intellectualists who mistakenly regard themselves as out of political, economic or historical context. “Organic intellectuals” refer to intellectuals who are subordinate to a social class, Between the intellectual struggle between the intellectuals. Foucault argues that “leftist intellectuals” are an integral part of the working class, but tend to seek certain universal truths; “professional / specialized intellectuals” have expertise that may have wide-ranging effects, Dangerous use of species groups. In the field of comparative education in the West, many comparative education scholars naturally regard themselves as experts. In Foucault’s conception, that he / they consider themselves “specialized intellectuals.” In addition, many scholars have shown their desire to protect the territory of the discipline. In the context of globalization, for comparative education scholars, the formulation of specialized intellectuals is still appropriate, but at the same time it is also dangerous. In the process of globalization and the study of globalization, specialized intellectuals need to have in-depth research in special fields and comparative education scholars can become specialized intellectuals from local social groups.