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转移性肝癌大多数是由于原发性恶性肿瘤细胞脱落,经血循环植入肝实质而发生,其生物学特征及临床表现均有别于原发性肝癌。转移性肝癌的发病率比原发性肝癌几乎高20倍,原发病变通常为肺、胃肠道和乳房等恶性肿瘤。而在胃肠道肿瘤中,以结、直肠癌发生肝转移者最多见。据统计,1984年美国约有126000人患结、直肠癌,其中约25000例发生肝转移,可考虑作肝切除者约5000例。由于发病率如此高,有关本病的研究日益增多。关于本病的处理,近年来欧美有一个新的治疗趋势,多数作者主张早期诊断,及时手术,并取得良好的治疗效果。
The majority of metastatic hepatic cancers are due to shedding of primary malignant tumor cells and hepatic parenchyma through blood circulation. Their biological characteristics and clinical manifestations are different from those of primary liver cancer. The incidence of metastatic liver cancer is almost 20 times higher than that of primary liver cancer. The primary lesions are usually malignant tumors such as the lung, gastrointestinal tract, and breast. In gastrointestinal tumors, liver metastasis is most common in colorectal cancer. According to statistics, about 126,000 people in the United States suffered from colorectal cancer and rectal cancer in 1984, of which about 25,000 cases had liver metastases. About 5,000 cases of liver resection could be considered. As the incidence rate is so high, research on the disease is increasing. With regard to the treatment of this disease, there has been a new treatment trend in Europe and America in recent years. Most authors advocate early diagnosis, timely surgery, and achieve a good therapeutic effect.