工人阶级政治意识和革命积极性培养的理论是列宁对马克思主义思想政治教育学说的主要贡献 ,其基本观点是 :工人阶级政治意识的培养离不开经济关系和经济斗争但又不能仅仅局限于此 ,政治意识必须通过革命理论灌输 ,通过政治宣传和政治鼓动才能获得。在社会主义条件下 ,工人阶级和广大群众政治意识和革命精神的获得、保持仍然需要遵循政治活动的一般规律 Lenin’s main contribution to the doctrine of Marxist ideological and political education is the Lenin’s theory of political consciousness and revolutionary enthusiasm. The basic idea is that the cultivation of the working class’s political awareness can not be separated from economic relations and economic struggle but can not be limited to this. Political awareness must be instilled through revolutionary theory and gained through political propaganda and political encouragement. Under the conditions of socialism, the acquisition and maintenance of the political awareness and revolutionary spirit of the working class and the broad masses of the people still need to follow the general rules of political activity