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近年来,红外探测器一般是按照两个方向发展:第一,改进具有最高性能的探测器,包括致冷;第二,研制对冷却要求较低或不需要冷却的探测器。本文所讨论的是第二种情况的两项改进。热电探测器可以用一系列材料制备,但硫酸三甘肽具有许多优点。已研究了掺有机分子的方法,证明可以消除去极化效应和改进电性能。用重氢化材料可以达到较高的工作温度。已能达到在1000赫时为10~8厘米·赫~(1/2)瓦~(-1)和在10赫时为10~9的探测度。(Hg,Cd)Te合金中的Cd与Hg之比可以进行调节,这样可以获得3～5微米光导探测器的最佳特性,它们可以在环境温度下或用简单致冷系统就可达到的温度下工作,同时在该范围内具有超过其他探测器的优点。探测器阵列可以按制备77°K探测器的类似方法制备。这两类探测器在光谱应用中都具有优点。对于热探测来说,由于它们的最佳特性处于不同频率范围,因而可以互相补足。
In recent years, infrared detectors have generally been developed in two directions: first, to improve detectors with the highest performance, including refrigeration; and second, to develop detectors that require less or no cooling. This article discusses two improvements in the second case. Thermoelectric detectors can be prepared from a range of materials, but tri-glyceryl sulfate has many advantages. The incorporation of organic molecules has been studied to demonstrate that depolarization can be eliminated and electrical properties improved. With heavy hydrogenated materials can reach higher operating temperature. It has been able to achieve detection of 10 ~ 8 cmH ~ (1/2) W ~ (-1) at 1000 Hz and 10 ~ 9 at 10 Hz. The ratio of Cd to Hg in the (Hg, Cd) Te alloy can be adjusted so that the best characteristics of 3 to 5 micron photoconductivity detectors are obtained, which can be carried out at ambient temperatures or temperatures achievable with simple refrigeration systems Work, at the same time in this range has the advantage over other detectors. Detector arrays can be prepared in a similar manner to the 77 ° K detector. Both types of detectors have advantages in spectroscopy applications. For thermal detection, they complement each other because their best characteristics are in different frequency ranges.