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目的总结小儿心脏体外循环术后呼吸机相关性肺炎的预防及护理措施。方法 2010年1月—2010年7月,对收治的80例体外循环术后进行机械通气的患儿,通过采取一系列预防呼吸机相关性肺炎的措施,以及对患儿术后情况、痰培养及血培养结果进行收集和总结,对已发生呼吸机相关性肺炎的患儿进行积极的抗感染治疗。结果 75例患儿顺利转出小儿ICU,2例因心功能衰竭死亡,死亡前无肺部感染表现;3例发生呼吸机相关性肺炎,发生率为3.75%。结论体外循环心脏手术易使肺部感染发生率上升,感染的发生可导致拔管、撤机困难,增加死亡风险率。因此,预防呼吸机相关性肺炎的发生,有重要临床意义。
Objective To summarize the preventive measures and nursing measures of ventilator-associated pneumonia after pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass. Methods From January 2010 to July 2010, 80 infants who underwent mechanical ventilation after cardiopulmonary bypass were treated with a series of measures to prevent ventilator-associated pneumonia, And blood culture results were collected and summarized in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia have a positive anti-infective treatment. Results 75 children were successfully transferred out of pediatric ICU, 2 died of heart failure and no pulmonary infection before death. Three patients developed ventilator-associated pneumonia, the incidence was 3.75%. Conclusions Cardiopulmonary bypass may lead to an increased incidence of pulmonary infection. The occurrence of infection may lead to extubation and weaning difficulties, and increase the risk of death. Therefore, the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia, has important clinical significance.