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1.为何改革世界农产品市场秩序成了乌拉圭回合中最尖锐的问题? 在整个八十年代,世界农产品价格一直呈大幅度下降趋势,其中小麦价格最具代表性。若以1986年底的世界小麦价格指数为1,000,这一指数在1980年底为1,700,1985年底为1,300,1986年第4季度跌到了960的最低点,1988年初开始回升,到1989年初反弹到1,600,但随即又开始下降,1990年则从年初的1,500直线下降到12月初的1,010。世界小麦价格在1988年能有较快回升以及在1989年维持住缓慢下降,其根本原因是1988年的世界性谷物歉收,严重的干旱使美国1988年的谷物收成比1987年减少了将近1/3,导致世界农产品价格普遍提高。1989年世界谷物收成趋于正常后,1990年的世界农产品价格就直线下跌。1990年世界各主要粮食生产国都获得了较
1. Why did the reform of the world market for agricultural products become the most acute issue in the Uruguay Round? Throughout the 1980s, the prices of agricultural products in the world have been declining drastically, with wheat prices being the most representative. If the world wheat price index at the end of 1986 was 1,000, this index was 1,700 at the end of 1980 and 1,300 at the end of 1985. In the fourth quarter of 1986, it fell to the lowest point of 960. It began to rebound in early 1988 and rebounded to 1,600 by the beginning of 1989. However, it began to decline again. In 1990, it dropped from 1,500 in the beginning of the year to 1,010 in early December. The world wheat price rebounded rapidly in 1988 and sustained a slow decline in 1989. The root cause was the worldwide cereal crop failure in 1988. Severe drought caused the United States cereal crop in 1988 to be reduced by nearly 1/8% compared with 1987. 3, leading to the general increase in the prices of agricultural products in the world. After the world cereal harvest became normal in 1989, the prices of world agricultural products fell in a straight line in 1990. In 1990, all the major grain producing countries in the world received