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目的:观察游泳运动后大鼠下丘脑内Fos蛋白的定位、分布和时效性表达规律,探讨下丘脑对不同形式运动的调节机制。方法:将55只大鼠随机分为对照组(n=5)和运动组(n=50),运动组又分为持续运动组(n=25)和间歇训练组(n=25)。持续运动组每天游泳2次,每次150min,中间休息120min;间歇训练组每天游泳1次,负重游泳6min后休息4min,反复训练10组。免疫组织化学ABC法检测不同形式运动后即刻(0h)、0.5h、1h、2h、4h大鼠下丘脑内Fos蛋白的定位和分布,并进行图像分析。结果:(1)对照组大鼠下丘脑内Fos阳性神经元少量散在分布;运动组明显增多,在视上核(SON)、室旁核(PVN)等处成簇分布,核团界限清晰。(2)在室旁核小细胞部(pPVN),持续运动组游泳结束后1h Fos阳性神经元数目显著升高达峰值,然后回落;间歇训练组在运动结束后2h达峰值,较运动结束后即刻阳性神经元数显著增多(P<0.05),同一时刻间歇训练组表达显著高于持续运动组(P<0.05);室旁核大细胞部(mPVN)内,持续运动组Fos阳性神经元数在运动结束后持续升高,2h后显著下降,而间歇训练组各时刻阳性神经元数变化无统计学意义。(3)在SON内,大鼠游泳运动结束后4h内Fos阳性神经元数目维持在较高水平,两组内各时间点间无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:下丘脑SON和PVN在运动后机体调节中起重要作用,pPVN对不同形式运动性应激反应具有较高灵敏度。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the localization, distribution and temporal expression of Fos protein in rat hypothalamus swimming after swimming, and to explore the regulatory mechanism of hypothalamus to different forms of exercise. Methods: 55 rats were randomly divided into control group (n = 5) and exercise group (n = 50). Exercise group was divided into continuous exercise group (n = 25) and intermittent exercise group (n = 25). In the continuous exercise group, swimming twice a day for 150 minutes and resting in the middle for 120 minutes. The intermittent training group swam for 1 day, and the weight-bearing swimming for 6 minutes and then rest for 4 minutes, and repeated training for 10 groups. Immunohistochemical ABC method was used to detect the localization and distribution of Fos protein in the hypothalamus of rats (0h), 0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h after the different forms of exercise and image analysis. Results: (1) Fos-positive neurons in the hypothalamus of rats in the control group were sparsely distributed; the exercise group was significantly increased, clustered in the supraoptic nucleus (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN), and the boundaries of the nucleus were clear. (2) In the paraventricular nucleus pulposus (pPVN) group, the number of Fos positive neurons significantly increased and reached a peak at 1 hour after swimming in the continuous exercise group, and then dropped back. In the intermittent training group, the peak value reached at 2 hours after exercise, (P <0.05). The expression of neurons in intermittent training group at the same time was significantly higher than that in continuous exercise group (P <0.05). In mPVN group, the number of Fos positive neurons in continuous exercise group was There was no significant difference in the number of positive neurons in the intermittent training group at each time point after exercise. (3) Within SON, the number of Fos-positive neurons maintained at a high level within 4h after swimming, no significant difference was found between the two groups (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The hypothalamus SON and PVN play an important role in the regulation of the body after exercise. The pPVN has high sensitivity to different forms of exercise stress response.