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目的了解有自杀意念大学生的心理健康状况、个性、自卑感及其影响因素,为提出相应的预防对策提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)、自卑感量表(FIS)、自杀态度问卷(QSA),对分层整群抽取的河南科技学院765名大学生进行调查,筛选自杀意念学生,并采用回归分析方法研究自杀意念与各种心理特征的关系。结果大学生自杀意念报告率为15.9%,性别、本专科差异均无统计学意义(P值均>0.05)。有自杀意念者SCL-90总分及10个因子得分均高于无自杀意念者;有自杀意念的内外向(E)和掩饰性(L)得分较低,神经质(N)和精神质(P)得分较高;自杀意念者的自卑总分、自我价值、社交自信、体能自信分数高于无自杀意念组;有自杀意念者在对自杀行为性质的认识及对安乐死态度方面得分低于无自杀意念者,差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)。自杀意念与心理健康、自卑感、N分、P分正相关,与E分、L分负相关。结论有自杀意念大学生心理健康水平较差,人格缺陷明显,自卑感强,对自杀持较宽容态度。应关注睡眠差,有精神质、神经质特征,以及对自杀行为持认可态度的人。
Objective To understand the mental health status, personality and inferiority of undergraduates who have committed suicide ideation and its influencing factors, and provide the basis for proposing the corresponding preventive measures. Methods The SCL-90, EPQ, FIS and QSA were used to investigate the relationship between SCL-90 and 765 undergraduates in Henan Institute of Science and Technology Conducted a survey to screen suicide ideation students, and used regression analysis to study the relationship between suicidal ideation and various psychological characteristics. Results The reported rate of suicidal ideation among college students was 15.9%. There was no significant difference in sex and specialty between the two groups (P> 0.05). The scores of SCL-90 and 10 factors in suicidal ideation were all higher than those without suicide ideation; the scores of introversion (E) and disguise (L) of suicidal ideation were lower, while neuroticism (N) and psychoticism ) Suicide ideation, self-esteem, social self-confidence, self-confidence, physical self-confidence score higher than those without suicide ideation group; those who have suicidal ideation in the nature of suicidal behavior and euthanasia attitude score lower than non-suicide Idea, the differences were statistically significant (P values were <0.05). Suicidal ideation and mental health, inferiority, N points, P points were positively correlated, and E points, L points negative correlation. Conclusion Suicide ideas college students mental health level is poor, obvious personality defects, inferiority complex, a more tolerant attitude toward suicide. Attention should be given to poor sleep, psychoticism, neuroticism, and those who have a recognized attitude toward suicidal behavior.