昏迷是高级神经活动的极度抑制状态,主要是大脑皮质或/和皮质下网状结构遭到广泛损害而表现为不同程度的意识丧失,运动、感觉和反射功能的障碍。昏迷是临床上常见的危急状态,多伴发于一些全身性或颅内疾患的重笃阶段,感染性疾病尤然。意识的产生须有正常的大脑皮质和脑干网状结构上行激活系统作为基础。由于不同病因影响了脑干网状上行激活系统,阻断了其投射功能,致使不能维持大脑皮质的兴奋状态;或由于大脑皮质遭到广泛的损 Coma is a state of extreme inhibition of high-level nervous activity, primarily due to extensive impairment of the cerebral cortex and / or subcortical structures that present as varying degrees of loss of consciousness, motor, sensory, and reflex functions. Coma is a common clinical state of crisis, and more associated with some systemic or intracranial disorders, a serious stage, especially infectious diseases. Consciousness requires normal cortex and brainstem reticular ascending activation system as a basis. Due to different etiology of the brain stem upregulation of the uplink activation system, blocking the projection function, resulting in the excitement of the cerebral cortex can not be maintained; or due to extensive damage to the cerebral cortex