1960年以来,美国煤矿用长壁法采煤的持续增加。已有108种开采方法。长壁开采法的优点是,生产效率比较高,能提高安全性,煤的回收率较高。但是,呼吸性粉尘危害严重影响了长壁法采煤的全面推广。从1980年起,美国矿业局开始研究控制长壁采煤工作面作业人员接触呼吸性粉尘的有效方法。研究表明,几种控制方法联合使用能更好地控制尘源。这些方法包括减少粉尘的产生,稀释粉尘,捕尘或降尘,以及个体防护。一、控制粉尘的方法 1.截煤机清洁器某些设计不合理的安装在截煤机上的喷雾装置,其喷咀喷出的雾正对着进风侧滚筒的截割和装载区域,把粉尘带离工作面和滚筒,与清洁的进风混合(图1a),通过截煤 Since 1960, U.S. coal mines have been increasing their coal mining by the longwall method. There are 108 kinds of mining methods. Longwall mining has the advantage of higher production efficiency, increased safety and higher recovery of coal. However, the harm of respirable dust seriously affected the comprehensive promotion of longwall coal mining. Since 1980, the U.S. Bureau of Mines has begun to study effective ways to control exposure of long-term coal mining workers to respiratory dust. Research shows that several control methods can better control the dust source. These methods include reducing the generation of dust, diluting dust, dust or dust, and personal protection. First, the method of dust control 1. Cutter cleaner Some of the design is not reasonable installed in the coal cutter spray device, the nozzle spray mist is facing the intake side of the drum cutting and loading area, the Dust is removed from the face and drum, mixed with clean air (Figure 1a), and cut through coal