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小桐子是能源作物中最具发展潜力的原料树种,而土壤水分是影响小桐子苗木质量和水分利用效率的关键.设置4个灌水处理(W1:472.49 mm;W2:228.79 mm;W3:154.18 mm和W4:106.93 mm),研究灌水量对小桐子幼树生长、形态特征和水分利用的影响.结果表明:与W1相比,W2、W3和W4处理小桐子叶面积和基茎截面面积显著降低,胡伯尔值显著增加,提高了根系向叶片传输水分的效率,提高小桐子抗旱能力;W2处理根系和冠层干物质量显著降低,粗高比增加,但壮苗指数变化不显著,而W3和W4处理壮苗指数显著降低.表明灌水量228.79~472.49 mm有利于小桐子壮苗指数的提高.与W1相比,W3处理节约灌水量达67.4%,总干物质量和蒸散量分别显著降低17.4%和68.6%,因此,小桐子灌溉水利用效率和总水分利用效率显著增加153.2%和163.2%.本试验条件下,有利于小桐子水分利用效率提高的最佳灌水量为154.18 mm.
Jatropha curcas is the most promising species for energy crops, and soil moisture is the key factor affecting the quality and water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas L. Four irrigation treatments (W1: 472.49 mm, W2: 228.79 mm, W3: 154.18 mm And W4: 106.93 mm) were used to study the effects of irrigation on the growth, morphological characteristics and water use of young Jatropha curcas L. The results showed that compared with W1, the leaf area and the stem cross-sectional area of Jatropha curcas were significantly decreased , And the Humber value increased significantly, which increased the efficiency of root system transferring water to leaves and increased the drought resistance ability of Jatropha curcas. The dry weight of roots and canopy decreased significantly and the height-to-height ratio increased with the W2 treatment, but the strong seedling index did not change significantly. And W4 treatment significantly decreased the index of strong seedlings, indicating that the irrigation amount 228.79 ~ 472.49 mm is conducive to the Jatropha seedling index increased.Compared with W1, W3 treatment of water saving 67.4%, total dry matter and evapotranspiration decreased significantly 17.4 % And 68.6%, respectively, therefore, the water use efficiency and total water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas increased significantly by 153.2% and 163.2%, respectively. Under this experimental condition, the optimum irrigation amount for 154.4 mm was favorable for increasing the water use efficiency of Jatropha curcas.