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以矮秆耐密型玉米辽单565为试材,研究不同种植密度和栽培形式对其光合性能、农艺性状及产量的影响。结果表明,叶面积指数随着种植密度的增加总体上呈增加趋势,当种植密度超过6.75万株/hm2时,宽窄行处理叶面积指数较高。除清种处理外,光合速率随着种植密度的增加总体上呈单峰曲线变化,当种植密度超过6.00万株/hm2时,二比空和宽窄行栽培形式光合速率较高。与穗位叶和穗下叶叶向值相比,穗上叶的叶向值较高。随着种植密度的增加,穗位高逐渐增加,穗长和百粒重逐渐下降。与其他栽培形式相比,大垄双行栽培形式在不同种植密度下茎粗和穗长变化较小,且茎粗表现较好。不同生态区域测产结果表明,栽培形式间和种植密度间均存在极显著差异,栽培形式与种植密度互作极显著,在缩距增密、大垄双行和宽窄行栽培形式基础上,种植密度超过6.00万株/hm2时,辽单565易获高产。
Dwarf and tight - tolerance corn Liao Dian 565 was used as experimental material to study the effects of different planting densities and cultivated forms on its photosynthetic characteristics, agronomic characters and yield. The results showed that the leaf area index increased with the increase of planting density, and the leaf area index of wide and narrow rows was higher when the planting density exceeded 67500 plants / hm2. In addition to the clearing and seeding treatment, the photosynthetic rate showed a single-peak curve with the increasing of planting densities. When the planting densities exceeded 60,000 plants / hm2, the photosynthetic rate of two-empty and width-narrow rows was higher. Compared with the value of leaf position at ear position and under ear, the leaf value of upper ear was higher. With the increase of planting density, the ear height increased gradually, and the spike length and 100-grain weight decreased gradually. Compared with other cultivated forms, the changes of stem diameter and ear length under different planting densities of big ridge double row cultivars were smaller, and the stem thicknesses were better. The results of test in different ecoregions showed that there were extremely significant differences between the forms of cultivation and the planting densities, and the intercropping of planting forms and planting densities was extremely significant. On the basis of narrow-spacing densification, wide-ridge double-row and width-narrow row cultivation, When the density exceeds 60,000 plants / hm2, Liaodong 565 is easy to get high yield.