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“世界屋脊”青藏高原地区是我国冰川的集中分布区,这里的冰川总计46298条,冰川储量5590立方千米,占我国冰川面积的46.7%。这些冰川以喜马拉雅山、念青唐古拉山、天山等几个山脉为中心集中分布。随着全球气候变暖,从20世纪80年代开始,西藏气温呈现明显的波动上升趋势,至今升幅约为0.9℃。而这期间,青藏高原大多数冰川处于强烈退缩状态,冰川的面积减少了近7%。目前,冰川年融水径流量相当于一条黄河的年径流量,亦即全球气候变暖是造成青藏高原冰川退缩的主要原因。特别是喜马拉雅山冰川、藏东南山地和横断山区冰川以及昆仑山与喀拉昆仑山冰川普遍处于消融退缩状态。20世纪70年代,青藏高原的冰川面积为48859.18平方千米,到21世纪初缩小至44438.4平方千米,年均减少147.36平方千米,总减少率达到了9.05%。喜马拉雅山冰川目前衰减速度达到10米～15
“Roof of the World ” The Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is a concentrated distribution area of glaciers in China, where a total of 46,298 glaciers and 5590 cubic kilometers of glaciers account for 46.7% of China’s glacier area. These glaciers to the Himalayas, Nyainqentanglha Mountains, Tianshan and other mountains as the center for the central distribution. With global warming, the temperature in Tibet has shown a clear upward trend since the 1980s, up to about 0.9 ℃ so far. During this period, most of the glaciers in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau were strongly retreating, reducing the glacier area by nearly 7%. At present, the annual runoff of glaciers is equivalent to the annual runoff of a Yellow River, that is, the global warming is the main reason for the glacier retreat in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Especially, glaciers in the Himalayas, southeastern Tibet and Hengduan Mountains and glaciers in the Kunlun Mountains and the Karakoram Mountains are generally in ablation retreat. In the 1970s, the glacier area of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was 48859.18 square kilometers, which was reduced to 44438.4 square kilometers by the beginning of the 21st century with an average annual reduction of 147.36 square kilometers and a total reduction rate of 9.05%. Himalayas currently glacier decay rate of 10 meters to 15