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目的评价中国人参对减少辐射诱导的人周围血G0期淋巴细胞(PBL)微核量的作用.方法采用细胞因子阻滞的微核法检测健康志愿者的血标本.体外137Cs照射之前,每份血标本的单个核细胞培养以不同浓度(0～2000μg·ml-1)的人参根水提取物孵育24h.结果 (1)在0 Gy时,每1000个双核(BN)细胞的微核量是11.3 ±2.7,人参水提取物≥ 500 μg·ml-1时微核量下降,但微核量和人参水提取物的浓度之间的差异是显著的.(2)单独射线照射显著增加微核量,当暴露于1Gy的照射时,随着培养介质中人参水提取物浓度的增加,微核量呈显著的线性降低(R2=0.05, P = 0.002);对暴露于1Gy辐射诱导的微核量,人参水提取物浓度在1500 μg·ml-1时减少46.6%,浓度在2000 μg·ml-1时减少57.6%;对暴露于2Gy辐射诱导的微核量的减少呈更强的线性相关(R2=0.7, P = 0.0001);(3)微核数据分析的结果呈现出与Poisson模型相关的过度离散趋势.结果表明:(1)人参水提取物浓度达2000 μg·ml-1时,对PBL细胞毒作用无明显影响;(2)人参水提取物浓度在500 μg·ml-1和2000 μg·ml-1之间时,对抗137Cs照射诱导的MN发挥保护作用.结论人参可作为一种辐射防护剂对肿瘤病人放疗期间可能有治疗价值.","Objective To assess the effect of Chinese ginseng on modifying the radiation-induced micronuclei(MN)yield in human G0 peripheral blood lymphocytes(PBL).Methods The cytokinesis-blocked MN assay was conducted in blood samples obtained from healthy volunteers(n = 4).Before137 Cs ex vivo irradiation,mononuclear cell cultures from each sample were incubated 24 h with different concentrations(0 ～ 2000μg·ml-1 )of crude water extract of ginseng dry root.Results We found that(1)at 0 Gy,MN yield(mean ± SEM)was 11.3 ± 2.7 per 1000 binucleated(BN)cells.MN yield decreased with the presence of ginseng water extract concentrations ≥ 500 μg·ml-1,although the differences between MN yields and ginseng concentrations were insignificant;(2)radiation alone sharply increased the MN yields.At 1 Gy exposure,as ginseng water extract concentration increased in the culture,resulting in a strong linear decline of MN yields(R2 = 0.5,P = 0.002).The extent to which ginseng water extract reduced the MN yields induced by 1 Gy exposure,was 46.6% at 1500 μg·ml-1 and 57.6% at 2000μg·ml-1.At 2 Gy exposure,the trend of a linear decline in MN yield was even stronger(R2 = 0.7,P = 0.0001);and(3)analysis of the MN data suggested that there was a tendency for overdispersion relative to the Poisson model.Our results indicated that(1)ginseng water extract exerts no apparent cytotoxic effect on PBL at concentrations up to 2000μg·ml-1;(2)the protection of ginseng water extract against 137Cs-induced MN in human PBL is dose-dependent at concentration between 500 μg·ml-1 and 2000 μg·ml-1.Conclusion Ginseng may have therapeutic value as a possible radioprotector for normal tissue during radiotherapy of cancer patients.